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Vocabulary 2.3

Force and Motion

QuestionAnswer
Force A push or pull that changes the motion of an object.
Friction The force that two surfaces exert on each other when they rub against each other.
Gravity The force of attraction between all masses in the universe.
Mass A measure of the amount of matter in an object. Objects with greater amounts of matter need a greater force to stop, set in motion, or change acceleration.
Inertia An object at rest will stay at rest until acted on by an outside force. An object in motion will stay in motion until acted on by an outside force.
Distance How far an object has moved.
Motion A change in position of an object.
Speed A rate that tells distance traveled per unit of time. s = d/t
Acceleration A change in the speed or direction of an object; the rate at which velocity changes. a = vf - vi / t
Newtons The unit of measurement for force. F=ma
Surface The outermost covering or layer.
Direction The path that a moving object follows.
Spring scale Used to measure force (in newtons).
Velocity The speed of an object in a particular direction.
First Law of Motion Also known as inertia: With no outside force, an object at rest will never move and an object in motion will never stop.
Second Law of Motion The acceleration of an object depends on the mass of the object and the amount of force applied.
Third Law of Motion Newton's law that states that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.
Isaac Newton Described the laws of motion and gravity.
Weight A measure of the force of gravity acting on an object.
Newton's Law of Gravity A physical law that, based on their mass and distance, describes the attraction between two objects.
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