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Science Rocks/Stuff
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| texture | the look and feel of the rock's surface |
| grains | particles of minerals or other suface |
| What do geologist study when trying to identify a rock sample? | they study its color texture and ditermine its mineral compostion |
| What are the three major rock groups? | Igneous rocks, Sedimentary rocks, metamorphic rocks |
| Large Grain | Coarse |
| Small Grain | Fine-grained |
| Shape: Mineral Crystals | Crystalline |
| Shape: Rock Fragments | Rounded or Jagged |
| Pattern: Layered | Banded |
| Pattern: Random Grains | nonbanded |
| No crystal Grains | smooth, glassy |
| Name the three major groups of rock and discribe how they are formed | Igneous- lava, Sedimentary- different peices of other rocks, Metamorphic- deep in the crust |
| What tests do geologists use to identify minerals in rocks? | they cut a peice of the rock and look at it under a microscope, acid, break it, magnets |
| the look and feel of a rocks surface is its _______. | texture |
| The particles of minerals or other rocks that make up a rock are called _________. | grains |
| Slow cooling of magma far beneath Earth's surface | coarse grained, large crystal |
| Magma cooling in two stages, first slowly then quickly | Porphyritic |
| Extremely rapid cooling of lava in which no crystals form | Glassy- no crystals |
| Rapid cooling of lava in which tiny crystals form | fine grained, small crystals |
| Explain how the silica content of molten materials affects the color of Igneous rocks | High silica= light color, low silica= dark color |
| What qualities of igneous rocks have long made them useful for tools and building materials | hard, dense, durible |
| Describe one use for each igneous rocks granite, basalt, and pumice | granite- statues, decoration, counters Basalt- construction, pumice- cleaning and polishing |
| Igneous rock formed from lava on Earth's surface is called ________ rock | extrusive |
| A rock with largee crystals scattered on a blackground of much smaller crystals has a(n)_________ texture. | porphyritic |
| Igneous rock formed from magma below Earth's surface is called_________ rock. | intrusive |
| Prossess that forms sedimentary rock | erosion -> deposition -> compaction -> cementation |
| Sandstone, Conglomerate, Breccia, Shale | Clastic |
| Limestone made from shells, coal | Organic |
| Loimestone made from precipitated calcite, rock salt | Chemical |
| erosion | the process in which running water, wind, or ice loosen and carry away rock fragments |
| clastic rock | sedimentary rock that forms when rock rock fragments are squeezed together |
| sediment | small, solid peices of material from rocks or living things |
| cementation | the process in which dissolved minerals crystalize and glue sediments together |
| organic rock | sedimentary rock that forms from the remains of plants or animals |
| compaction | the process that presses sediments together |
| chemical rock | sedimentary rock that forms when minerals dissolved in a solution crystallize |
| deposition | the process by which sediment settles out of wind or water |
| Collisions between Earth's plates push rock down toward the heat of Earth's _______. | Mantle |
| As the rock is buried deeper ini the crust, ________ also increases on the rock. | pressure |
| The rock is squeezed so tightly that the _____ of the rock change, creating metamorphic rock. | grain |
| What characteristics do geologists use to classify metamorphic rocks? | The arragement of the grains that make up the rock, layers=foileated no layers=non-foliated |
| non-foliated | marble |
| foliated | slate, gneiss |
Created by:
lalaland462
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