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lecture 2

ortho foundations exam 1 material

QuestionAnswer
unpleasant emotional experience, triggers to avoid further injury pain
pain can negatively affect health related QOL, therefore decreasing / managing pain is often one of the main goals of treatment
PTs don't treat diagnoses, they treat impairment DUE to diagnosis
ways to measure pain visual analog scale, numeric scale 0-10, body diagram
types of pain acute, chronic, referred, radiating pain
characteristics of pain burning, dull/aching, sharp, localized, diffuse
sharp and well localized pain acute
dull / aching and diffuse pain chronic or referred
burning and diffuse pain radiating
a delta fibers are large, myelinated, and fast. 20% of fibers
C fibers are small, unmyelinated, and slow (80%) of fibers
a delta fibers carry info about sharp, well localized pain (carry sensory input, touch and pressure)
C fibers carry info about diffuse, aching pain
ascending pain control a beta fibers presynaptically inhibit transmission of pain from C fibers in spinal column
look at drawing in lecture 2 pptx no seriously look at it , gonna be on the exam
presynaptic inhibition example rubbing elbow to get rid of pain when you bump it, helps distract/ get rid of pain
first order neurons terminate in gray matter of spinal cord
second order neurons terminate in thalamus
third order neurons terminate in cortex
descending pain control activates ___ order neurons 2nd order
in descending pain control, sensory input from periphery stimulate periaqueductal grey and raphe nucleus
in descending pain control, efferent fibers from higher centers excite interneurons in spinal cord --> inhibits____ transmission of pain from the A delta and C-fibers
pain input from a delta and C fibers stimulate higher centers to release beta endorphins
beta endorphins help inhibit the transmission of pain
ascending inhibition is aka sensory level / level 1
descending inhibition is aka level 2
descending control through rules of beta-endorphins is aka noxious level / level III
goals in managing pain to control acute pain and protect patient from further injury while encouraging progressive exercise in a supervised environment
Created by: thomask9
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