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APUSH Pageant 4-7
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Colonial Population Growth (from 1700) | Mostly immigration growth of young english white males, very slow because of deadliness of Americas |
| Professions in the Colonies | Clergy - most esteemed, church n state Physicians (also barbers) - lack of training, low esteem, witchdoctor techniques Lawyers - battled crowns authority, gained much prominence ~1750 Agriculture (primary occupation) - 90% of people |
| Mercantile Theory | a nationalist economic policy that is designed to maximize the exports and minimize the imports for an economy. In other words, it seeks to maximize the accumulation of resources within the country and use those resources for one-sided trade. |
| Triangular Trade | the trade cycle between Africa, Britain, and the colonies which was legally questionable and traded mostly in slaves (from A to C), molasses (from C to B), and rum (from B to A) |
| Salutary Neglect | Britain left their colonies in America mostly on their own for about a century, preoccupied with wars and colonialism. This gave the colonies a sense of self-government and independence. |
| The Great Awakening | a religious revival that impacted the English colonies in America during the 1730s and 1740s. The movement came at a time when the idea of secular rationalism was being emphasized, and passion for religion had grown stale. |
| Navigation Laws | Laws passed that made it so the colonies could only receive traded goods that had first been traded to Britain |
| The Zenger Trial | John Peter Zenger criticized judge Lewis Morris, was taken to trial on April 1735 and acquitted, went on to inspire 1st amendment (freedom of speech) |
| Internal vs. External Taxes | Internal: Taxes a colony imposes on itself External: Taxes imposed on a colony by country - George grenville program (1763-65) |
| The Proclamation of 1763 | prohibited colony settlement beyond Appalachians to limit native conflict Many angry, in 1765 ~1000 wagons moved anyway |
| Olive Branch Petition | July 1775, congresses last attempt at reconciliation. After colonists sieged Bunker Hill, king George III refused. He proclaimed rebellion, punishable by death, and hired german troops to squash any protest |
| The Association | formed post intolerable acts, proposed a boycott on goods produced in Britain and its colonies, and also provided for the correct conduct of colonists during the boycott. |
| Writs of Assistance | (1761) Anti smuggling efforts Colonial response: james otis fights against unreasonable searches (4th amendment) |
| No Taxation Without Representation’ | James Otis, firebrand lawyer, popularized the phrase. Colonies didn't want to be taxed without their own say in it, wanted representation in parliament. crown refused: too far, already did a lot for colonies |
| Virtual Representation | a political theory that the members of an elected body, such as the British Parliament, represent the country or empire as a whole regardless of where individuals live. |
| Committees of Correspondence | organized by Samuel Adams (johns cousin) Several towns followed, then 1773, Virginia created the House of Burgesses. Then every colony made central committee |
| Quartering Act | 1765 - required certain colonies to provide food and housing to soldiers, not a big deal cause soldiers would just go to loyalist houses. |
| Declaratory Act | (1766) -- reserves crown’s right to tax at free will, made right after stamp act is repealed. |
| Boston Massacre | (march 5, 1770) To monitor 16,000+, 4,000 redcoats sent to boston (1768) Drunken confrontation results in 5 dead, including african american Crispus Attucks |
| Quebec Act | Accompanied intolerable acts, (1774), gave french catholics religious freedom and more rights and land |
| The Circular Letter | a statement written by Samuel Adams and James Otis Jr., and passed by the Massachusetts House of Representatives in February 1768 in response to the Townshend Acts. |
| Voting in the American Colonies | Elected assemblies had power to levy taxes and authorize spending Colonial governments started developing some personal power under salutary neglect |
| Declaration of Rights & Grievances | The Stamp Act Congress passed this, claimed that American colonists were equal to all other British citizens, protested taxation without representation, and stated that, without colonial representation in Parliament, Parliament could not tax colonists. |
| French Aid in the Revolutionary War | after the battle of Saratoga, French began secretly supplying the colonies to get back at British and hopefully get land back in the Americas |
| Paxton Boys | Pennsylvania's most aggressive colonists. From Lancaster and Cumberland counties formed in 1763 to defend themselves from attacks by the Lenape and Shawnee during Pontiac's War. |
| Regulators | (1764–71), vigilance society dedicated to fighting exorbitant legal fees and the corruption of appointed officials in the frontier counties of North Carolina. |
| Albany congress | 1754 - Ben franklin; must unite the colonies, only 7 show One purpose - Iroquois-British relations Long-term - unite the colonies, defend against France shot down by colonists and crown |
| First european gov. made in colonies | The Mayflower compact |
| The intolerable acts | 1. Port bill 2. Massachusetts regulating act 3. New quartering act 4. Administration of justice act Meant to punish the city of Boston Sometimes Quebec act is included, not really though |
| Boston Tea Party | (December 15, 1773) - 100 Bostonians, dressed as natives, dumped 342 chests of tea into the harbor. response to the tea act, organized by good friend Samuel Adams again |
| Turning point of the war | battle of Saratoga |
| start of war | battle of bunker hill |
| end of war | battle of Yorktown |
| Responses to the Intolerable Acts | More unity Rally for Boston Continental congress (1774) - The declaration and resolves - demand for rights of Englishmen and self-tax - Formation of the association |
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garlicthe3rd
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