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R Worley Unit #1
8:31 at midnight- Unit 1 vocabulary
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Jamestown | The first successful and permanent English colony in North America |
Joint stock company | group of investors that share the profits and losses of a colony |
John Smith | person that helped Jamestown survive with his leadership |
John Rolfe | the person that introduced tobacco growing in Jamestown, made it successful |
Indentured servant | a person that agrees to work for 7-10 years in exchange for free passage to America, given freedom and land at the end of their contract |
Powhatan | group of Native Americans that helped and also fought with the Jamestown settlers |
Pocahontas | Daughter of a Native American chief that helped Jamestown by providing food |
The House of Burgesses | first representative government in North America, located in Virginia colony |
Separatists | Also called the Pilgrims, wanted to break from the Church of England |
Plymouth | Name of the colony that the Separatists established for religious freedom |
Mayflower Compact | government of the Pilgrims that set up majority rule in their colony |
Squanto | Native American that helped pilgrims by showing them how to grow food using fish as a technique |
Puritans | Religious group that wanted to stay in the Church of England and reform it |
Massachusetts Bay Colony | the name of the colony the Puritans established |
theocracy | type of government in which religious leaders make the laws |
John Winthrop | governor of Massachusetts Bay, leader of the Puritans |
William Bradford | Governor of Plymouth, leader of the Pilgrims |
A Modell of Christian Charity | name of a speech given by John Winthrop that says Massachusetts will be an example of religious faith and hard work |
Thomas Hooker | founder of the Connecticut Colony |
Roger Williams | the founder of Rhode Island, wanted peace with Native Americans |
Rhode Island | the first colony that established religious freedom |
Anne Hutchinson | woman that challenged the leadership of Massachusetts Bay by holding her own church meetings |
New Netherland | Dutch colony that would become New York, encouraged tolerance |
Quakers | religious group that settled Pennsylvania and believed in equality between men and women, that slavery was evil, and that they could experience God through an “Inner Light” |
The Great Awakening | religious movement that swept through the colonies in the early 1700´s; a revival that led to more religious tolerance and more churches |
George Whitefield | Famous preacher in the First Great Awakening that traveled all over the colonies |
Jonathan Edwards | First Great Awakening preacher who preached the sermon Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God |
the middle passage | the journey slaves took from Africa to the Americas |
triangular trade | a network of trading between the Americans, Europe and Africa exchanging raw materials, manufactured goods and slaves |
Mercantilism | the economic system in which a mother country sends manufactured goods to its colonies in exchange for raw materials |
Georgia | founded as a buffer colony and a place for the poor to work off their debts 34. a person that owes money to another |
james Oglethorpe | founder of Georgia colony |
cashcrops | crops that are sold to make profits in a global market |
overt resistence | ways in which slaves fought back that were obvious; they ran away or led a rebellion against their owners |
passive resistence | ways slaves resisted slavery that were not obvious; they slowed down work, broke equipment, faked illnesses |
Navigation Acts | Laws passed by Parliament that regulated trade in the colonies so that only England benefited (colonies could only trade with Great Britain) |
William Penn | leader of the Quakers that signed a treaty with the Native Americans |
French | Catholic nation that colonized America to profit off the fur trade with Natives; |