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Topic 3: Chem React

Topic 3: Chemical Reactions

TermDefinition
colloid a mixture containing small, undissolved particles that do not settle out
suspension a mixture in which particles can be seen and easily separated by settling or filtration
solution a mixture containing a solvent and at least one solute that has the same properties throughout; a mixture in which one substance is dissolved in another
solvent the part of a solution that is usually present in the largest amount and dissolves a solute
solute the part of a solution that is dissolved by a solvent
solubility a measure of how much solute can dissolve in a given solvent at a given temperature
reactant a substance that enters into a chemical reaction
product a substance formed as a result of a chemical reaction
exothermic reaction a reaction that releases energy, usually in the form of heat
endothermic reaction a reaction that absorbs energy
law of conservation of mass the principle that the total amount of matter remains the same; regardless of any chemical or physical change
open system a system in which matter can enter from or escape to its surroundings
closed system a system in which no matter is allowed to enter or leave
synthesis reaction when two or more elements or compounds combine to make a more complex substance
decomposition reaction opposite of synthesis reaction where compounds break down into simpler products
replacement reaction one element replaces another element in a compound, or if two elements in different compounds trade places
synthetic created or manufactured by humans; not found occurring in nature
natural resource anything naturally occurring in the environment that humans use
polymer a long chain of molecules made up of repeating units
an element in Group 2 of the periodic table; harder and denser, and melt at higher temperatures alkaline earth metal
an element that has some characteristics of both metals and nonmetals metalloid
elements in Groups 3-12 of the periodic table; most are hard and shiny solids, good conductors, and malleable transition metals
an element in Group 18 of the periodic table; do not form compounds and are nonreactive noble gas
Group 1 of the periodic table; most reactive metals alkali metals
a class of elements characterized by physical properties that include shinniness, malleability, ductility, and conductivity metal
an element that lacks most of the properties of a metal nonmetal
elements in the same vertical column of the periodic table; also called a family group
the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom atomic number
a horizontal row of elements in the periodic table period
an arrangement of the elements showing the repeating pattern of their properties periodic table
the average mass of all the isotopes of an element atomic mass
a one or two letter representation of an element; first letter is always capitalized while any letters that follow are lowercase chemical symbol
an element in Group 17 of the periodic table; means "salt forming"; very reactive halogen
Created by: muellershauna
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