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Finals US History
1876-Contemporary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Prohibition | The legal ban on the manufacture, sale, and transportation of alcoholic beverages in the United States from 1920 to 1933. |
| Suffrage | The right to vote in political elections, particularly women's suffrage, which was achieved in the United States in 1920 with the ratification of the 19th Amendment. |
| Great Depression | A severe economic downturn that began with the stock market crash of 1929 and lasted throughout the 1930s, causing widespread poverty, unemployment, and social upheaval. |
| New Deal | A series of programs and policies implemented by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in response to the Great Depression, aimed at creating jobs, providing relief for the unemployed and elderly, and stimulating economic recovery. |
| Dust Bowl | A period of severe dust storms and soil erosion in the Great Plains region of the United States during the 1930s, caused by a combination of drought and unsustainable farming practices. |
| Social Security | A federal program established in 1935 to provide financial support for retired and disabled workers and their families. |
| Isolationism | A foreign policy stance that emphasizes non-intervention in international affairs and a focus on domestic issues, particularly prevalent in the United States in the interwar period. |
| Totalitarianism | A political system characterized by a centralized government that exercises complete control over all aspects of society, often associated with fascist and communist regimes in Europe during the 20th century. |
| Cold War | A period of political and military tension between the United States and the Soviet Union that lasted from the end of World War II in 1945 to the early 1990s. |
| McCarthyism | A period of intense anti-communist paranoia and persecution in the United States in the 1950s, led by Senator Joseph McCarthy and characterized by unsubstantiated accusations and blacklisting of suspected communists and their sympathizers. |
| Civil Rights Movement | A series of social and political movements aimed at ending racial discrimination and segregation in the United States, most notably led by Martin Luther King Jr. and other activists in the 1950s and 1960s. |
| Vietnam War | A conflict between communist North Vietnam and the US-backed South Vietnam that lasted from 1955 to 1975, causing widespread death and destruction and leading to significant social and political upheaval in the United States. |
| Watergate | A political scandal in the 1970s involving the break-in and wiretapping of Democratic Party headquarters by members of President Richard Nixon's administration, leading to Nixon's resignation in 1974. |
| Reaganomics | A set of economic policies implemented by President Ronald Reagan in the 1980s, emphasizing tax cuts, deregulation, and free market principles. |
| Globalization | The increasing interconnectedness and interdependence of economies, cultures, and societies around the world, facilitated by advancements in technology and transportation. |
| Civil Rights Act | A landmark piece of legislation signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson in 1964, prohibiting discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. |
| Voting Rights Act | A federal law passed in 1965 that aimed to overcome legal barriers preventing African Americans from exercising their right to vote, particularly in the South. |
| Gulf War | A military conflict between a US-led coalition and Iraq in 1991, sparked by Iraq's invasion of Kuwait. |
| September 11 attacks | A series of coordinated terrorist attacks on the United States on September 11, 2001, carried out by the Islamic extremist group Al-Qaeda. |
| Patriot Act | A federal law passed in response to the 9/11 attacks, giving law enforcement and intelligence agencies expanded powers to monitor and investigate potential threats to national security. |
| Affordable Care Act | A federal law passed in 2010, also known as Obamacare, aimed at increasing access to healthcare and reducing healthcare costs for Americans. |
| Black Lives Matter | A social and political movement that emerged in response to police brutality and systemic racism against Black Americans, particularly following the killing of George Floyd in 2020. |
| Women's Liberation | A social and political movement that emerged in the 1960s and 1970s, aimed at achieving gender equality and challenging patriarchal norms and structures in American society. |
| Stonewall riots | A series of protests and demonstrations by members of the LGBTQ+ community in New York City in 1969, widely regarded as the catalyst for the modern gay rights movement in the United States. |
| McCarthy hearings | A series of televised hearings held by the Senate Subcommittee on Investigations in 1954, investigating allegations of communist infiltration in the US government and Hollywood. |
| Brown v. Board of Education | A landmark Supreme Court case in 1954, declaring segregation in public schools unconstitutional and laying the groundwork for the Civil Rights Movement. |
| Roe v. Wade | A landmark Supreme Court case in 1973, establishing a woman's right to choose to have an abortion without excessive government restriction. |
| Jim Crow laws | A set of state and local laws in the South enforcing racial segregation and discrimination against African Americans, in effect from the late 19th century to the mid-1960s. |
| Cuban Missile Crisis | A political and military standoff between the United States and the Soviet Union in 1962, triggered by the Soviet placement of nuclear missiles in Cuba. |
| Freedom Riders | A group of civil rights activists who rode interstate buses into the segregated South in 1961, challenging segregation in public transportation and facing violence and arrests as a result. |
| Black Panthers | A revolutionary socialist organization founded in 1966, advocating for Black self-determination, community empowerment, and resistance against police brutality and systemic racism. |
| Cesar Chavez | An American labor leader and civil rights activist, best known for co-founding the United Farm Workers and leading a nationwide boycott of California grapes in the 1960s. |
| Occupy Wall Street | A social and political movement that emerged in 2011, protesting economic inequality and corporate influence in American politics and society. |
| Vietnamization | A policy implemented by President Nixon in the 1970s, aimed at reducing American involvement in the Vietnam War by transferring responsibility for military operations to South Vietnam. |
| Civil Rights Act of 1968 | A federal law passed aftermath of Martin Luther King Jr.'s assassination, prohibiting discrimination in housing on the basis of race, color, religion, or national origin, and also making it a federal crime to interfere with someone's housing rights. |
| Bonus Army | A group of World War I veterans who marched on Washington, D.C. in 1932 to demand early payment of a promised bonus, leading to a violent clash with the U.S. Army |
| Dust Bowl | A period of severe dust storms and soil erosion in the Great Plains region of the United States during the 1930s, caused by drought and poor farming practices. |
| New Deal | A series of economic programs and reforms implemented by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in response to the Great Depression, aimed at stabilizing the economy and providing relief to the unemployed and those in need. |
| Marshall Plan | A program initiated by the United States in 1948 to aid in the economic reconstruction of Western Europe after World War II. |
| Korean War | A conflict between North and South Korea from 1950 to 1953, resulting in a stalemate and an armistice rather than a clear victory for either side. |
| Red Scare | A period of intense anti-communist sentiment in the United States in the late 1940s and early 1950s, fueled by fear of Soviet infiltration and espionage. |
| Interstate Highway System | A system of highways and roads constructed in the United States beginning in the 1950s, funded by the federal government and aimed at improving transportation and facilitating economic growth. Get away from atomic bombs quicker! |
| War on Terror | A series of military operations and counterterrorism measures initiated by President George W. Bush in response to the 9/11 attacks, aimed at dismantling terrorist networks and preventing future attacks. |
| Tea Party movement | A conservative political movement that emerged in the United States in 2009, advocating for limited government, fiscal responsibility, and lower taxes. |
| 9/11 Commission | A commission created by President George W. Bush in 2002, to investigate the September 11 attacks and make recommendations for preventing future terrorist attacks. |
| NAFTA | The North American Free Trade Agreement, signed in 1994, creating a trilateral trade bloc between the United States, Canada, and Mexico, and eliminating many tariffs and trade barriers between the three countries. |
| Iran-Contra affair | A political scandal in the 1980s, involving the illegal sale of weapons to Iran and the diversion of funds to anti-communist rebels in Nicaragua, by officials in the Reagan administration. |
Created by:
MrsKlima
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