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ANS - Exam 3
Neuroanatomy - ANS
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Primary control center of ANS | hypothalamus |
ANS input from | cortex is largely conveyed to hypothalamus via the amygdala |
pupillary constriction centers in | midbrain |
micturition centers in | pons |
cardiac & pulmonary centers in | medulla |
heart afferents | vagal & glossopharyngeal from carotid body & sinus to solitary nucleus |
Pain with sympathetics | T1-T4 on left |
Control centers in medulla react to input from | hypothalamus & baro- & chemo-receptors |
Parasympathetics | dorsal motor X |
parasympathetics pass to | ganglion cells |
ganglion cells innervate primarily | nodes slowing the heart |
sympathetics T1-T4 reach heart directly from | chain or ascending then descedning as cardiopulmonary splanchnic nn. |
parasympathetics cause | erection |
sympathetics cause | emission |
somatic reflexes cause | ejaculation |
bladder pain travels with | lumbar & pelvic splanchnics (ps) & ascends in the spinothalamic tract |
bladder fullness | in wall with ps to spinothalamic tract |
bladder fullness in | trigone with ps to dorsal columns |
bladder parasympathetics cause | contraction of internal urethral sphincter & relaxation of detrusor |
bladder somatic motor fibers from the | Onuf nucleus |
Onuf nucleus contracts the | external sphinter via the perineal branch of the pudendal n. |
Bladder cerebral control centers are in the | superior frontal gyrus |
Bladder pontine centers | contract the external urethral sphincter & relax the external uretheral sphincter & contract the detrusor |
Bladder low level distension stimulates | Onuf nucleus |
High level distention inhibits | Onuf nucleus & sympathetic |
Parkinson's disease | resting tremor |
Parkinson's disease | difficulty initiation movement |
Parkinson's disease due to | loss of dopaminergic neurons in substania nigra |
Huntington's disease (Chorea) | inability to stop moving |
Huntington's diease (Chorea) due to | genetic defect which causes cellular loss in the striatum (especially the caudate nucleus) |
Hemiballismus | flailing of limbs on 1 side |
Hemiballismus due to | damage to the subthalamic nucleus |