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Ancient China
Term | Definition |
---|---|
dynasty | a series of rulers from the same family |
aristocracy | the highest class in a society that most have to be born into |
oracle bones | turtle shells or bones used to communicate with the gods and tell the future |
bureaucracy | a system of government in which most of the important decisions are made by state officials rather than by elected representatives |
bronze casting | the process used to create bronze sculptures |
Mandate of Heaven | the belief that heaven kept the universe in order through the king (this idea was only used during the Zhou dynasty) |
taotie | a bronze-casted mask protecting against evil spirits |
Emperor | the supreme ruler of an empire with the most power (no one can tell this person what to do) |
millet | a type of grain that unfortunately only grew when there was enough rain |
Terracotta Army | clay sculptures representing the army of Quin Shi Huang, the first Emperor of China |
Confucianism | a system of beliefs and teachings founded by Confucius that focus on self-improvement and education |
Daoism | a belief system developed by Lao-Tzu advocating a simple, honest life (this is a more modern version of Confucianism) |
Legalism | the belief that humans are evil and it is necessary to use harsh laws and punishments |
warlord | a military and civil commander operating outside the control of the government |
Analects | a collection of writings from Confucius and his disciples |
Great Wall | a series of walls made of stone and brick along the northern border of China whose purpose was to keep out northern invaders, the Mongols |