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World War II
WW2 Study Help
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| G.I. Bill of Rights | This bill provided education and training for veterans, paid for by the federal government. J |
| Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) t | interracial American organization established by James Farmer in 1942 to improve race relations and end discriminatory policies through direct-action projects. |
| internment | putting a person in prison or other kind of detention, generally in wartime. |
| Japanese American Citizens League (JACL) | A group that pushed the US government to compensate those sent to the camps for their lost property. |
| V-E Day | Victory in Europe, May 8, 1945 |
| V-J Day | Victory in Japan, September 2, 1945 |
| Harry S. Truman | 33rd President, takes over after FDRs death and makes the decision to use the Atomic Bomb in the war. |
| Battle of the Bulge | The desperate last-ditch offensive by the German army, however, they were pushed back and forced to retreat. |
| Operation Overlord | Allied forces launched a combined naval, air and land assault on Nazi-occupied Normandy and will take back France. |
| Nuremberg trials, | Allies to put 24 surviving Nazi leaders on trial for crimes against humanity, crimes against the peace, and war crimes. |
| Hiroshima and Nagasaki | Cities in Japan that the US dropped Atomic Bombs on Aug.6 and Aug 9. to bring and end to WW2. |
| Robert Oppenheimer | The American scientist put in charge of the Atomic Bomb project. |
| The Battle of Okinawa | The last major pacific battle of World War II — and the bloodiest of the Pacific campaign. |
| The Battle of Guadalcanal | This 6 month long battle marked Japan’s first defeat on land, and the successful start of island hopping for the US. |
| Battle of Midway | It was the biggest carrier battle of WW2 and a turning point in the war for the US. |
| General Douglas MacArthur | The commander of Allied forces in the Pacific. |
| Tuskegee Airmen | The all-black 99th Pursuit Squadron, who won two Distinguished Unit Citations(the military’s highest commendation) for their outstanding aerial combat. |
| Invasion of Italy/Italian Campaingn | Stunned by their army’s collapse in Sicily, the Italian government forced dictator Benito Mussolini to resign. |
| General Dwight D. Eisenhower | The commander of Allied forces in Europe. |
| The Battle of Stalingrad | A major battle on the Eastern Front of WW2 in which Nazi Germany invades the Soviet Union, not only does Germany lose, it becomes a turning point in the war for the Allies. |
| Battle of the Atlantic | Battle in which Germany tried to prevent food and war materials from reaching Great Britain and the Soviet Union. US convoys helped to make this a failure for Germany and guaranteed open routes for supplies for the Allies. |
| Winston Churchill | Prime Minister/Leader of Great Britain during WW2 |
| rationing | Establishing fixed allotments of goods deemed essential for the military |
| War Production Board (WPB) | Group that decided which companies would convert from peacetime to wartime production and allocated raw materials to key industries. |
| Office of Price Administration (OPA) | Group that fought inflation by freezing prices on most goods |
| Manhattan Project | The code name for research work, that extended across the country, in building the Atomic Bomb. |
| Office of Scientific Research and Development (OSRD) | Group of scientists into the war effort, spurred improvements in radar and sonar, and the use of DDT for killing insects. |
| A. Philip Randolph | The founder of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, organized a march on Washington to demand the "Right to Work and Fight for Our Country" |
| Women’s Auxiliary Army Corps | Women volunteers would serve in noncombat positions in the US military and could earn rank. |
| Women's Ordinance Workers | To foster patriotic spirit and encourage women workers to identify with the war effort, the War Department created this title. |
| Joseph Stalin | Totalitarian leader of Communist Soviet Union during WW2 |
| Benito Mussolini | Totalitarian leader of Fascist Italy during WW2 |
| Adolph Hitler | Totalitarian leader of Nazi Germany during WW2 |
| Hideki Tojo | Prime Minister and leader of Japanese Military during WW2 |
| Totalitarian | government that maintained complete control over its citizens. |
| Fascism | Government that stressed nationalism and placed the interests of the state above those of individuals |
| Appeasement | A shameful policy giving up principles to pacify an aggressor |
| nonaggression pact | Agreement between Germany and Soviet Union to never to attack each other, but also they signed a second, secret pact, agreeing to divide invade & Poland between them |
| Lend Lease Act | US plan to lend or lease arms and other supplies to any country whose defense was vital to the United States |
| Anschluss | Means "unification" in German. Hitler used this idea of Unification of the Germanic people to justify his imperialism. |
| Lebensraum | Means "living space" . Hitler wanted to create more living space for the German people by expanding the German empire. |
| Atlantic Charter | Roosevelt and Churchill met secretly and pledged the following: collective security, disarmament, self-determination, economic cooperation, and freedom of the seas. |
| Attack on Pearl Harbor | December 7, 1941, this event brought the United States into WW2 officially. |
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trheaume11
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