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SLANG: Unit 9

Post-WWII to 1960

TermDefinition
Satellite Nations Communist nations of Eastern Europe formed during the Cold War, although not under direct Soviet control, they had to remain Communist and friendly to the Soviet Union.
United Nations International political organization formed after WWII to ensure peace and security in the post war era.
Containment U.S. foreign policy of the late 1940s and 1950s, developed by George Kennan, intended to check the expansionist designs of the Soviet Union through economic, military, diplomatic, and political means.
Cold War The era of confrontation and competition between the United States and the Soviet Union following World War II until 1990.
Truman Doctrine economic and military aid to Greece and Turkey to prevent communist expansion into the Mediterranean.
Marshall Plan also known as the European Recovery Program; U.S. sponsored economic aid program for European countries following World War II to revive their economies and stabilize their political structures between the years 1948 to 1951.
Berlin Airlift Crisis erupting in 1948 to 1949 when the Soviet Union blockaded access to West Berlin after an announcement to create a unified West Germany; Allied aircraft were used to supply West Berlin with supplies of food and fuel.
“Iron Curtain” term coined by Winston Churchill in 1946; the military, political and ideological barrier established between the Soviet bloc and western Europe from 1945 to 1990.
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) International military alliance created to defend Western Europe against Soviet aggression formed in 1949 by the United States and its allies.
Warsaw Pact military alliance of the Soviet Union and its allies formed in 1955 in response to West Germany being allowed to rearm and join NATO.
Eisenhower Doctrine U.S. foreign policy pronouncement for military and economic aid to anticommunist governments in the Middle East.
Korean War conflict that lasted from 1950 to 1953 between North Korea, aided by China, and South Korea, aided by United Nations forces consisting primarily of U.S. troops.
House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) committee of the U.S. House of Representatives that conducted investigations throughout the 1940s and 1950s into alleged communist activities by American citizens.
McCarthyism contemporary name for the Red Scare of the 1950s; practice of publicizing accusations of political disloyalty or subversion with insufficient regard to evidence.
Espionage the act or practice of spying or of using spies to obtain secret information.
Sputnik the first artificial satellite to orbit the earth; launched by the USSR in 1957.
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) U.S. government agency established in 1958 for research and development of vehicles and activities for aeronautics and space exploration.
Brinkmanship a foreign political strategy of Eisenhower and Secretary of State John Foster Dulles during the 1950s to go to the verge of full scale nuclear war rather than concede to communist threats or demands.
Massive Retaliation a military doctrine and nuclear strategy advocated by Secretary of State John Foster Dulles and Eisenhower during the 1950s in which a nation commits itself to retaliate in much greater force in the event of an attack.
Federal Highway Act 1956 legislation to construct an interstate highway system; was the largest public works project in American history at that point in time.
Suburbia residential communities that emerged outside of urban areas especially during the 1950s.
Baby Boom the sudden, large, sustained increase in the birthrate in the United States from 1946 to 1964.
Consumerism materialistic attitudes and conformity associated with the consumer culture of the 1950s.
Beat Movement American social and literary movement of the 1950s and 1960s expressing alienation from conventional society.
Dixiecrats Third party in the election of 1948 that nominated Governor Strom Thurmond of South Carolina because of Truman’s support of civil rights; also known as the States’ Rights.
Created by: J Paola
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