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APUSH Unit 5
18-22
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| What was the impact of California entering the Union as a free state? | Tipped the balance of states towards free states in the senate which worried the south about future slavery |
| Know the parts of the Compromise of 1850 | CA comes in as a free state, UT and NM territories use popular sovereignty, slave TRADE was abolished in D.C., and the Fugitive slave laws were enforced |
| What happened to the Whig Party in the election of 1852? | Whig Party died out |
| Why was the Gadsden Purchase authorized? | To complete the transcontinental RR and it completed the lower 48 states border of the U.S. |
| Popular sovereignty? what impact did this idea have on the Missouri Compromise and the Compromise of 1850? | The right to vote for or against slavery. Eventually repealed the Missouri Compromise and allowed UT and NM territories to use popular sovereignty in the Compromise of 1850 |
| What did the Dred Scott decision rule? What was the reaction to the decision in the North? in the South? | Protected slavery everywhere, declared the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional. North complained but South were joyful |
| What happened at Lawrence, KS in 1856? at Pottawatomie Creek? | there was a pro slavery raid of free-soil in the town of Lawrence. Led to the breaking point for slavery in KS. John Brown led a band of followers to Pottawatomie Creek and killed 5 pro-slavery people to revenge Lawrence |
| Events of the Road to War in order | MO Compromise, Compromise of 1850, KS-NE Act(1854), Dred Scott, Lincoln-Douglas debates 1858, John Brown's Raid Harper's Ferry 1859, Election of 1860 |
| What was the outcome of the Lincoln-Douglas debates? | Douglas won the Senate seat but Lincoln gained national attention |
| Who ran for president in the election of 1860? | Stephen Douglas (pop sov) John Breckenridge (extend slavery into territories) Abe Lincoln (stop spread) John Bell (preserve Union) |
| After the election of 1860, what did SC do? | SC seceded from the Union |
| What advantages did the North have at the beginning of the war? | More factories, 3/4 RR lines, large population, Lincoln-skilled leader, strong economy |
| What advantages did the South have at the beginning of the war? | defensive war, good military leaders, strong military tradition/good marksmen, world market for cotton |
| What constitutional rights did Lincoln go against as he tried to keep the country together? | Proclaimed a blockade, increased the size of the federal army, gave federal funds to private citizens, and suspended habeas corpus |
| What abolished slavery? | 13th amendment |
| what was the Emancipation Proclamation? What impact did it have on the war? | "Freed" the slaves. Technically nobody was freed but it gave the North a stronger moral cause and removed any chance of negotiation settlement. |
| What was Grant and Sherman's style of war at the end? what was the purpose of this style? | Total war-destroy everything that cannot be consumed and destroy the south's will to fight |
| At the end of the war, many white southerners still felt what about their position on slavery? | South thought their secession was just and that their cause was right |
| What were the achievements of the Freedmen's Bureau? | Freedmen's Bureau established to help former slaves. Helped with education, healthcare, and job placement (blacks searched for families |
| what were the 3 Reconstruction plans? | Lincoln, Johnson, and Radical Republican's plan |
| Lincoln's Plan | 10% plan- allowed Confederate states to re-enter the Union if 10% voters in 1860 took an oath of allegiance to the US and accepted the Emancipation |
| Johnson's Plan | 10% plan with the 13th Amendment |
| Rad Republican Plan | military occupation of the South, immediate suffrage for blacks, and forced ratification of the 14th Amendment |
| What ended the period of Reconstruction? | Last federal troops were removed in 1877 |
| What was Johnson's greatest foreign policy achievement? | The purchase of Alaska |
| What happened to Johnson while president? what was the outcome of the trial? | Johnson was impeached for "high crimes and misdemeanors" Johnson was acquitted and the charges were deemed personal or political |
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