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Unit 4 - Abs & Enlig

Absolutism & Enlightenment

TermDefinition
Centralization policy of government to maintain central control
Divine Right Belief that a ruler's authority is God given (comes from God)
Versailles Palace built by Louis XIV and added to by later monarchs
Westernization Modernization policies undertaken by Peter the Great in Russia
Democracy Government in which the citizens hold the final power
Common Law Body of laws that developed, case by case, from the rulings of England's Royal judges
Glorious Revolution Peaceful removal of England's James II form the throne and the recognition of William and Mary as the new monarchs who signed the English Bill of Rights
Magna Carta Document guaranteeing basic rights of Englishmen signed in 1215
Political Party A group organized for the purpose of directing the policies of a government.
Constitution The established laws of the United States
Enlightenment Period of the mid-18th century that was characterized by the use of reason and scientific methods
Revolution A sudden change, as in the overthrow of a ruler or government
Separation of Powers Division of governmental powers among three branches-executive, legislative, and judicial so that no single branch can become a threat to liberty
Social Contract Rousseau's belief that only legitimate government rules by consent of the people. The people can break the "contract" if their interests are not served
Sovereign Independent authority and supreme power
Absolute Monarchs Kings or Queens who held all the power within their states' boundaries
Peter the Great Absolute Monarch (Czar) of Russia who started Westernization
Constitutional Monarchy A government in which laws limit the ruler's power
Louis XIV Absolute monarch of France that built Versailles as the symbol of his power
Thomas Hobbes Author of Leviathan & believed that the best form of government was an absolute monarchy
Charles I King of England that attempted to be an absolute monarch, but lost a civil war & his head
Oliver Cromwell Puritan Leader that defeated the English king & established himself as Lord Protector
Charles II Restored English monarch
William & Mary Co-rulers of England after the English Civil War
Created by: csdavis
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