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Greece Vocab
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Minoans | group of expert shipbuilders that settled on the island of Crete |
Mycenaeans | the first Greeks who established colonies and built fortresses throughout Greece |
Polis | city-state |
Acropolis | a high hill that housed the fortress of the city-state |
Athens | Greek city-state where democracy was first created |
Sparta | Greek city-state that became a military society |
Oligarchy | a type of government where the power is shared with a small group of people |
Aristocracy | a type of government where only a small group of the wealthiest people have the power |
Tyranny | a type of government that uses force to rule |
Democracy | a government that gives people the power to rule themselves |
Citizen | someone who has the right to participate in government |
Direct democracy | a form of democracy that allows all citizens to directly participate in government |
Representative democracy | a form of democracy where citizens choose government officials to represent them |
Pericles | leader of Ancient Greece who promoted democracy |
Alliance | an agreement formed between groups to work together |
Peloponnesian War | a long-term war between Athens and Sparta that led to Sparta’s victory |
Mythology | stories about gods and goddesses that attempt to explain different events |
Homer | Blind poet who wrote the Odyssey and the Iliad |
Olympics | sporting competition held every four years, originally in honor of Zeus |
Socrates | Greek philosopher famous for using questioning techniques, interested in ethics or the study of right and wrong |
Plato | Greek philosopher and teacher who created the Academy |
Aristotle | Greek thinker who believed in practicing moderation and the use of reason, tutored Alexander the Great |
Hippocrates | Greek doctor famous for the Hippocratic oath, which ensures doctors do what is best for their patients |
Alexander the Great | Macedonian King who expanded his empire across parts of three continents |
Hellenistic | Greek-like culture, relating to history or culture |
Phalanx | group of soldiers arranged in a square |
Comedy | A humorous form of Greek drama that often mocked famous people |
Tragedy | A serious form of Greek drama in which characters endure suffering before an unhappy ending |
Parthenon | A famous temple in Athens, known for it's columns which is still standing today |
Philosophy | The study of the universe and our place in it |
Agora | An open space in a Greek city that served as a marketplace and social center |
Monarchy | A government ruled by a single person, such as a king |
Odysseus | A hero of the Odyssey who encountered many creatures during his journey such as the Cyclops and the Sirens |
Jury | A group of people chosen to make a decision based on evidence presented in a trial. |
Raw Material | A substance from which other other things are made. |