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u2 researchers
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Watson | environmental determinism: the environment shapes people's personality and behavior |
Kagan | researched temperament developmental stages stability over time of personality effects of parenting show an effect of nurture |
Mischel | denied trait theory and the existence of traits says behavior is not stable or constant situation causes behavior Responses: many traits predict many behaviors behavior= trait + situation + interaction effect ideographic |
Freud | Id- desires, energy Ego- balances both, makes decisions Superego- social norms dreams are a window to the unconscious, emphasized free association defense mechanisms psychosexual stages oral anal phallic latent genital slippery concept |
Adler | 2 basic forces - cooperation - superiority both = mental health lacking in 1 or 2 = neurosis lacking in superiority = inferiority complex followed freud |
Jung | collective unconscious archetypes always a flip side of an identity |
Anna Freud | emphasis on families and normal people developed the ego |
Erikson | built on freud people strive for identity psychosocial stages trust, autonomy, initiative, competence, identity, intimacy, generavity, integrity |
Rogers | humanistic client-centered unconditional positive regard in therapy so client can internalize it self actualization- people strive to be ideal self organismic- what really happened phenomenal- how you saw it incongruence o=/=p |
Kelly | role construct reperatory grid ideographic types -physical characteristics -social role -ability -interpersonal trait range corrollary -focus of convenience -range Personal constructs -circumspection -preemption -control -result -channelize |
James | I as ego, knower, does things, feels, makes decisions me as self, known, like any other person judges beliefs based on usefulness, not truth |