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Nick Quiz
Modules 19-21
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| binocular cues | depth cues such as retinal disparity, that depend on the use of two eyes |
| color constancy | perceiving familiar objects as having consistent color, even changing illumination alters the wavelengths reflected by the object |
| depth perception | the ability to see objects in three dimensions although the images that strike the retina are two-dimensional; allows us to judge distance |
| figure-ground | the organization of the visual field into objects (the figures) that stand out from their surroundings (the ground) |
| gestalt | an organized whole |
| grouping | the perceptual tendency to organize stimuli into coherent groups |
| monocular cues | depth cues, such as interposition and linear perspective, available to either eye alone |
| perceptual adaptation | in vision, the ability to adjust to an artificially displaced or even inverted visual field |
| perceptual constancy | perceiving objects as unchanging even as illumination and retinal images change |
| phi phenomenon | an illusion of movement created when two or more adjacent lights blink on and off in quick succession |
| retinal disparity | a binocular cue for perceiving depth: by comparing images from the retinas in the two eyes, the brain computes distance---the greater the disparity between the two images, the closer the object |
| visual cliff | a laboratory device for testing depth perception in infants and young animals |
| audition | the sense or act of hearing |
| cochlea | a coiled, bony, fluid-filled tube in the inner ear; sound waves traveling through the cochlear fluid trigger nerve impulses |
| cochlear implant | a device for converting sounds into electrical signals and stimulating the auditory nerve through electrodes threaded into the cochlea |
| conduction hearing loss | hearing loss caused by damage to the mechanical system that conducts sound waves to the cochlea |
| frequency theory | in hearing, the theory that the rate of nerve impulses traveling up the auditory nerve matches the frequency of a tone, thus enabling us to sense its pitch |
| frequency | the number of complete wavelengths that pass a point in a given time |
| inner ear | the innermost part of the ear, containing the cochlea, semicircular canals, and vestibular sacs |
| middle ear | the chamber between the eardrum and cochlea containing three tiny bones (hammer, anvil, and stirrup) that concentrate the vibrations of the eardrum on the cochlea's oval window |
| pitch | a tone's experienced highness or lowness; depends on frequency |
| place theory | in hearing, the theory that links the pitch we hear with the place where the cochlea's membrane is stimulated |
| sensorineural hearing loss | hearing loss caused by damage to the cochlea's receptor cells or to the auditory nerves |
| embodied cognition | in physical science, the influence of bodily sensation, gestures, and other states on cognitive preferences, and judgments |
| gate-control theory | the theory that the spinal cord contains a neurological "gate" that blocks pain signals or allows them to pass on to the brain |
| kinesthesia | the system for sensing the position and movement of individual body parts |
| sensory interaction | the principle that one sense may influence another, as when the smell of food influences its taste |
Created by:
margaret_05
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