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ADV ENGLISH
Comma Rules 10/25
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| clause | a group of related words. has both subject and predicate (subject and verb) |
| independent clause | can stand alone as a sentence |
| (example) We walk to school | ex. independent clause |
| subordinate clause | cannot stand alone as a sentence |
| (example) When the cake is done baking. | ex. subordinate clause |
| coordinating conjunctions | FANBOYS |
| FANBOYS | for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so |
| comma rule #1 | commas after an introductory word, phrase, or clause |
| (example) Therefore, we need to move ahead for emphasis | ex. commas rule #1 |
| when can you use comma rule #1 | emphasis, SC IC, direct address, introductory phrase |
| comma rule #2 | commas before coordinating conjunction (FANBOYS) to link two independent clauses |
| (example) he believed in finding a healthy breakfast, so he went to the store | ex. comma rule #2 |
| comma rule #3 | commas in names, addresses, numbers, dates, and titles |
| (example) This year's thanksgiving is on November, 25, 2004, throughout the U.S. | ex. comma rule #3 |
| comma rule #4 | commas that separate non-restrictive words, phrases, or clauses from the rest of the clause (non important information) |
| how do you know if the information is non essential | if you leave out the non essential info, does it still make sense? does the nonessential info interrupt the flow of the sentence? if you move the non essential info to a different part in the sentence does it still make sense? |
| (example) Governor Kelly, who earned her degree from South Dakota University, vetoed the bill that outlawed gay marriages | ex. comma rule #4 |
| comma rule #5 | commas to set off direct quotations |
| (example) 'When Americans go to war, they need to be prepared," declared the history prof | ex. comma rule #5 |
| things to remember for comma rule #5 | put the commas INSIDE the quotation marks put commas after explanatory marks and before quotation marks when leading into a quotation DON'T use comma is quotation ends in explanation point or question mark DON'T use comma if quotation leads from "that" |
| comma rule #6 | commas to separate 3 or more items in a series or words, phrases, or clauses |
| (example) I went to the store to buy spinach, chips, and pop | ex. comma rule #6 |
| comma rule #7 | commas that separate two or more adjectives that modify a noun individually |
| (example) Senator Bellview tried to write a collective, well-written legislation | ex. comma rule #7 |
| comma rule #8 | commas to set off mild interjections that begin a sentence |
| (example) Oh, I didn't know I dropped out of the program | ex. comma rule #8 |
| comma rule #9 | commas to set off parenthetical elements, transitional devices, and conjunctive adverbs that occur within a clause. (put a comma before phases: "such", "as" or, "as in") |
| (example) Skydiving is a thrill, isn't it? | ex. comma rule #9 |
| (example) Leslie Feder is playing a strong game at right tackle; therefore, he is likely to named player of the game. | ex. conjunctive adverb |
Created by:
stella_koe
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