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APUSH Chapter 2

TermDefinition
Encomienda A grant of Indian labor in Spanish America given in the sixteenth centruy by the Spanish kings to prominent men. Encomenderos extracted tributes from these Indians in exchange for granting them protection and Christian instruction.
Columbian Exchange The massive global exchange of living things, including people, animals, plants and diseases, between the Eastern and Western Hemispheres that began after the voyages of Columbus.
Mercantilism A system of political economy based on government regulation. Beginning in 1650, Britain enacted Navigation Acts that controlled colonial commerce and manufacturing for the enrichment of Britain.
Joint-Stock Corporation A financial organization devised by English merchants around 1550 that facilitated the colonization of North America.
Joint-Stock Corporation In these companies, a number of investors pooled thier capital and recieved shares of stock in the enterprise in proportion to their share of the total invesment
House of Burgesses Organ of government in colonial Virginia made up of an assembly of representatives elected by the colony's inhabitants.
Headright System A system of land distribution, pioneered in Virginia and used in several other colonies, that granted land- usually 50 acres- to anyone who paid the passage of a new arrival.
Headright System By this means, large planters amassed huge landholdings and they imported large numbers of servants and slaves
Indentured Servitude System in which workers contracted for service for a specific period.
Indentured Servitude In exchange for agreeing to work for 4 or 5 years without wages in the colonies, they received passage across the Atlantic, room and board, and status as a free person at the end of the contract period.
Pilgrims One of the first Protestant groups to come to Americ, seeking a separation from the Church of England. They founded Plymouth, the first permanent community in New England, in 1620.
Puritans Dissenters from the Church of England who wanted a genuine Reformation rather than the partial Reformation sought by Henry VIII.
Puritans Their religious principles emphasized the importance of an individual's relationship with God developed through Bible study, prayer, and introspection.
Pueblo Revolt Also know as Pope's Rebellion. The revolt in 1680 was an uprising of 46 Native American Pueblos agains Spanish rule. Spaniards were driven out of New Mexico. When they returned in the 1690s, they granted more autonomy to the Pueblos they claimed to rule.
Created by: MAMURRY
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