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EarlyAmericanHistory
Denny 1st Test. Rome--->Am. Rev
| Statement | Answer |
|---|---|
| ____ A.D, fall of the Roman Empire | 476 |
| Western Roman Empire collapsed ______ and ______ | politically and economically |
| ______ declined, ______ and ______ were in disarray | trade, cities and roads |
| _____ and _____ disrupted, _____ no longer used | law and order, money |
| What occurred between 500-1400 A.D? | Middle Ages |
| Feudalism is a political system where a king gave land to _____ in exchange for ____ support. | nobles, military |
| Nobles swore ______ to king with knights. | loyalty |
| Nobles raised their own _____, maintained ______, made own _____, and built own ______ for defense. | armies, order, money, castles. |
| In what year did the Roman Catholic Church promote stability and unify west Europe? | 1000 A.D |
| Islam spread from Middle East to North Africa between _____-_____? | 600-700s |
| Spain defeated the Moors(Islam) in southern Spain in ____? | 711 A.D. |
| European Christians wanted to reclaim ___ ___ from Islam. | Holy Land |
| Pope Urban II urged Christians to militarily capture the Holy Land in _____ A.D? | 1095 |
| How many Crusades occurred over 200 years? | 9 |
| Who gained power after feudalism weakened? | Kings |
| Who traded with Constantinople and what was traded? | Europeans and spices, sugar and silk were traded. |
| Trading with Constantinople led to a search for a ____ _____ to the East. | faster route |
| In 1300s, Europeans lacked technology for long distance ____ travel. | sea |
| In the mid-1400s, monarchs _____ power. | centralized |
| Who were the main countries in power during the 1400s? | Portugal, Spain, England, France |
| The Renaissance occurred between ____ and ____ A.D. | 1350 and 1600 |
| Uses sun's position for direction and latitude. Came from the Arabs | astrolabe |
| Gives direction of magnetic north, came from Chinese. | Compass |
| Ships with several masts of triangular sails and rudders | Caravel |
| What Portuguese explorer established a mariner school and when? | Prince Henry the Navigator, 1419 |
| What Portuguese explorer reached the southern tip of Africa and when? | Bartholomew Diaz, 1488 |
| Which Spanish explorer sailed west to find a faster route to India and when? | Christopher Columbus, 1492 |
| Which Portuguese explorer made it around Africa to India and when? | Vasco de Balboa, 1497 |
| Leif _____ explored Newfoundland in ____ A.D | Ericsson, 1001 |
| What three ships did Columbus leave Spain with and how many men did he bring? | Nina, Pinta, Santa Maria; 90 men |
| When does Columbus land on Watling Island, Bahamas? | October 12, 1492 |
| Columbus discovers ____ and ____ thinking that they are ____ and _____ | Cuba and Hispaniola; China and Japan; |
| Columbus leaves 40 men at La Navidad to continue searching for _____ | gold |
| In what years did Columbus do his three other searches for gold, which also failed? | 1493,1498,1502 |
| When did the Treaty of Tordesillas occur? | 1494 |
| What did the Treaty of Tordesillas claim? | Spain gets all land west of the Line of Demarcation, Portugal gets all land east of the Line of Demarcation. |
| What Italian explorer sailed under the Spanish flag and later the Portugal flag to the South American coast and when? | Amerigo Vespucci. Under Spain, 1499. Under Portugal, 1501. |
| Who proposed that the new continent be named America for "Amerigo the Discoverer" and when? | Martin Waldseemuller, 1507 |
| What four reasons did Europeans sail to the New World? | All water route to the Far East, gold(wealth and riches), glory(establish claims to new lands) and God(convert the Indians to Christianity) |
| Who crossed Panama with 190 men to discover the Pacific Ocean and when? | Vasco de Balboa, 1510 |
| What did Balboa name the Pacific Ocean when he saw it? | The South Sea |
| Who sailed north to Florida, when did he do it, and what was he looking for? | Ponce de Leon, 1513, Fountain of Youth |
| Who was the first man to sail around the world and what year did he begin(though he didn't make it)? | Ferdinand Magellan, 1520 |
| When was Magellan killed? | 27 April 1521 |
| What was the name of the ship that arrived back in Spain after Magellan's voyage and on what day did it arrive back? | Vittoria, 6 September 1522 |
| Europeans traded with Native Americans for homegrown/made goods. What was this called? | Colombian Exchange |
| Europeans brought what invisible problem with them to the New World? | Diseases |
| _____ and ____ diseases: influenza, measles, chicken pox, mumps, typhus, and small pox | Viruses and Bacterial |
| The population of Hispaniola went from 1,000,000 to ___ | 900 |
| What percent of the Mayan Mexico population was dead? | 95% |
| _____ and ____ conquests devastated native American populations. | Epidemics and Military |
| Columbus' explorations led to the founding of the _____ ______ | United States |
| Who led the way from 1500 to 1600? | Spain |
| What is the oldest European settled city in the U.S and when was it settled? | Pensacola, 1559 |
| What is the oldest European permanent city and when was it settled? | St. Augustine, 1565 |
| Who explored Mexico and who was the leader of the group of people there? | Cortes(1519), Montezuma was the leader of the Aztecs |
| Who explored South America and when? | Pizarro, 1532 |
| Who was the Incan leader during Pizarro's exploration of South America? | Sapa or Atahulpa |
| Who explored the Florida coast and westward? | Narvaez, 1528-1539 |
| Who explored South East U.S.? | de Soto, 1539 |
| Who explored the southwest U.S. looking for El Dorado? | Coronado, 1540 |
| What areas did Verranzano explore looking for a Northwest passage? | North Carolina to Newfoundland, 1524 |
| Who explored the St. Lawrence River? | Jacques Cartier, 1534-1541 |
| When did the French Civil War occur and who was fighting in it? | 1540-1600, Catholics vs. Protestants |
| What is another name for Protestants? | Huegonots |
| Who founded Quebec in Eastern Canada? | Samuel de Champlain, 1602 |
| ______ _______ became a royal colony in ______ | New France, 1663 |
| Which two explorers traveled through the "Big River" or Mississippi River in 1673? | Louis Joliet and Jacques Marquette |
| Who explored the Mississippi River to Gulf of Mexico and was the first European to do so? | La Salle, 1682 |
| What fort in New York was surrendered to Britain(Albany) and when? | Fort Orange, 1625-1644 |
| Hudson River in ____ _____ was surrendered to _______ between 1625-1644 | New Amsterdam, Britain |
| The English explored Hudson Bay along the ________ coast of Canada | Northeast, 1610 |
| ______ was a colony founded in 1587. The only thing found was ______ | Roanoke, the letters CRO |
| When did the colonist land in Jamestown? | 14 May 1607 |
| What two problems did Jamestown suffer from? | Being on swampland and lawlessness, sickness, and food shortage |
| Who helped John Smith in keeping the settlers who arrived in 1608 alive? | Chief Powhatan |
| What did the settlers eat during the 'starving time' of 1609-1610? | Dogs, snakes, toad stools, and cannibalism |
| What strict rules did the new governor of Jamestown enforce? | 6-hour work days, food rationing, and death penalty for many crimes. |
| Private _____ of the land was popular in 1614 | Cultivation |
| How many women arrived in Jamestown in 1619 and how much did they cost? | 90 women, and 120 lbs of tobacco |
| In 1619, a _____ _____ ship arrived with 19 African men. | Dutch Slave |
| How many settlers arrived in 1622 and how did the Indians react? | 4500 settlers, the Indians attacked the settlement. |
| Who were the people called that broke ties with the Anglican Church? | Separatist |
| Where and when did the separatist move? | Holland, 1608-1617 |
| Why did the separatist move? | They disliked Holland's city life and felt their children were losing their English heritage |
| The separatists move back to England and joined the ______ | Puritans |
| On what date did 101 passengers(pilgrims) leave England? | 16 September 1620 |
| What document was created before the pilgrims left the boat? | Mayflower Compact |
| What did the pilgrims call this place and who helped them to stay alive? | Plymouth Rock, Squanto |
| King _____ persecutes the Puritans in England | Charles, 1625 |
| Who obtained a charter from King Charles? | John Winthrop |
| John Winthrop received help from ______ in the Massachusetts Bay Company | Stockholders |
| Who did not have a future in England anymore? | Puritans |
| How many more settlers arrived in England in 1630? (two different times) | 900 in March of 1630, 1000 more by the end of 1630 |
| _____ _____ (1630-1643), where 20,000 settlers arrived | Great Migration |
| Puritan ______ led to the founding of other colonies. | Intolerance |
| Roger Williams founded what colony? | Rhode Island |
| Reverend Thomas Hooker founded what colony? | Connecticut |
| Who wrote the poem, "And those that came were resolved to be Englishmen,....they'd not be English again." | Stephen Vincent Benet |
| When did the French and Indian War occur and who was it between? | 1754-1763, French and British |
| What was the French and Indian war called in Europe and when did it occur? | Seven Years War, 1756-1763 |
| The British and American colonists defeated the ____ and _____ | French and Indians |
| The Proclamation of 1763 stated that: | The Appalachian Mountains was the border of the colonies and the colonist couldn't live west of them. |
| What are the four main parts of the Treaty of Paris(1763)? | France lost Canada and all land east of Mississippi to Britain. France lost all land west of Mississippi River to Spain, Americans gained military experience, and the war had been costly to Britain |
| What three British policies were given to American Colonies? | Stricter enforcement of existing laws, new taxes on anything from sugar to stamps, and the Quartering Act(1765) where Americans had to shelter British soldiers. |
| The colonists reacted to the new British policies by: | Meeting in town halls and communicating to protest. |
| What event, as a part of the colonist reaction, occurred on March 5, 1770? | Boston Massacre, 11 people died |
| What event, as a part of the colonist reaction, occurred on December 16, 1773? | Boston Tea Party, 342 crates were dumped |
| On what date was war finally declared? | 19 April 1775 |
| Where did General Gage send his troops to? | Lexington and Concord |
| Where was 'the first shot fired'? | Lexington |
| Did the Battle of Bunker Hill occur at Bunker Hill or Breed's Hill? | Breed's Hill |
| On what date did the Battle of Bunker Hill occur? | 17 June 1775 |
| The British won the Battle of Bunker Hill with how many casualties and was the battle costly? | 1000 casualties and it was costly |
| The Americans lost how many people and what did they prove? | 400 casualties and it proved their untrained militia could make a stand |
| What did the Olive Branch Petition say to King George III and who did it blame? | It told the King that most colonists were still loyal to him and blamed the ministers for sending more troops |
| Minutemen were men who..... | could be ready to fight in a minute's notice |
| Patriots, also called _____, believed the British had become tyrants. | Whigs |
| Loyalists, also called _____, still backed Britain and were loyal to King George. | Tories |
| The _____ __ _______ was signed on 4 July 1776 | Declaration of Independence |
| Before the shooting at Lexington, what were colonists fighting for? | Their rights as Englishmen |
| After the shooting at Lexington, what were colonists fighting for? | Freedom and Independence |
| Why did the Americans win the war? | They were on their own soil, used guerilla warfare and held excellent leaders in command. |
| George Washington fought the Battle of Trenton and crossed the Delaware river on ____ ____ _____ | December 26 1776 |
| Who surrendered his army at Saratoga and on what date? | General Burgouyne, 17 October 1777 |
| _____ and _____ secretly aided Americans before the Battle of Saratoga | France and Spain |
| After the Battle of ______, France knew ____ could win the war. | Saratoga, America |
| ____ ___ _____, the U.S. signed two treaties with France | 6 February 1778 |
| France ______/______ recognized the United States | officially/internationally |
| France ______ ______ to fight alongside U.S. against England. | Militarily committed |
| When did the French troops arrive? | 1780/1781 |
| The Battle of Cowpens(South Carolina) occurred in ____ | 1781 |
| Who defeated who at the Battle of Cowpens? | General Greene defeated General Cornwallis |
| What month and year did the Battle of Yorktown occur? | October 1781 |
| Britain constructed ____ outside Yorktown on a ______ | fortification, peninsula |
| Washington with _____ men worked alongside General _____ with ______ men and Admiral __ ____ (hint! Funny last name and General 'Mowing the Lawn') | 9000 men, Rochambeau with 8000 men, Admiral De Grasse |
| In what two ways did de Grasse attack Yorktown? | By land and by sea |
| Who surrendered from the war causing King George to quit? | Cornwallis |
| What are the two parts of the Treaty of Paris(1783)? | American independence was recognized. U.S. boundaries were North: Canada, South: Florida, East:Atlantic, West:Mississippi River |
| Bonus maybe? Who taught who how to scalp? | The British taught the Indians how to scalp. |
| Bonus maybe? When were cigarettes invented? | 1832, far after tobacco was found |
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