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Exam2
Jeopardy
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What is the impersonal impact hypothesis? | media may influence societal risk perception, but not personal risk judgment |
Which two variables influenced risk perception in Dr Yang’s study on air pollution related to the Under the Dome documentary | What are exposure and evaluation |
List three amplifications stations | What are: Scientists Media Activist social organizations Risk analysis experts Risk management institutions Public agencies |
What are the attributes of information that may influence the social amplification? | What are Volume The degree to which information is disputed The extent of dramatization The symbolic connotations of the information |
What are the four major pathways to initiate response mechanisms? | What are: Heuristics and Values Social Group Relationships Signal Value Stigmatization |
What is the main argument on gain vs. loss framing? | What is gain framing leads to risk averse and loss framing leads to risk taking |
What are the recommendations in Rothman and Salovey (1997)? | Gain frame is more effective for preventive behaviors; Loss frame is more effective for detection behaviors. |
What does the following figure illustrate? | Low probabilities are overweighted and higher probabilities are under weighted Losses have a greater impact on value than gains |
What are the three key components of narrative? | Character Temporality Causality |
What is the topic addressed in the Grey’s Anatomy video related to narrative persuasion? | What is AIDS awareness |
What is optimistic bias? | Consistent optimistic bias exists concerning personal risk when asked about their own chances of experiencing negative consequences, people claim that they are less likely to be affected than others. |
What are the main findings from Dr Yang’s research on H1N1 vaccination? | Current knowledge is higher than information sufficiency threshold Higher perceived gathering capacity leads to less seeking intention Higher perceived efficacy leads to lower vaccination intention |
How are the implications of the H1N1 vaccine study? | Stress the difference between awareness and actual knowledge Emphasize the immediacy of prevention Reach high-risk population with sound information Frame vaccination as a socially responsible behavior |
When are optimistic bias especially observable? | Hazards with which subjects have little personal experience (e.g., radon exposure) Hazards low in probability (e.g., driving without seat belt) |
Why do biases occur? | High-risk groups downplay the risk Attempts to shield ourselves from the fear of being harmed |
Why do biases occur? | Desire to be better than others (self esteem, weakness) Simple cognitive error Compare to high-risk individual (incorrect norm) Awareness of our own efforts to control risks |
When are optimistic bias especially observable? | Hazards judged to be controllable by personal action ) Hazards for which people believe signs of vulnerability appear early ( |
What are the three key concepts in the EPPM? | Threat, Efficacy, and Fear. |
Danger control process includes _____ motivation and ______ changes. | Protection motivation and Adaptive changes |
What are the two components of perceived threat? Explain what they mean. | Perceived susceptibility Perceived severity |
What are the two components of perceived efficacy? Explain what they mean. | Response Efficacy Self Efficacy |
Use an example to explain when danger control process is likely to occur. | Response Efficacy Self Efficacy |
Use an example to explain when danger control process is likely to occur. | When perceived threat is high and perceived efficacy is high as well. |