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World War I
Social Studies
Question | Answer |
---|---|
World War I | First Global War centered in Europe Started 07/28-1914 ended 11/11/1918. Also the Great War. It involved 135 countries. More than 15 Millions died |
World War I fighting groups | The Allies and the Central Powers |
The Allies | United States, Russia, France, British Empire, Italy, Japan, Romania, Serbia, Belgium, Greece, Portugal, Montenegro |
The Central Powers | Germany, Austria-Hungary, Turkey and Bulgaria |
First Trigger of World War I | The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria by a Serbian terrorist group called the black hand |
Gavrilo Princip | The killer of Archduke Ferdinand |
The RMS Lusitania Ship | An ocean liner traveling from New York to Liverpool, England, Carrying 1900 Passengers |
The sinking of the Lusitania | 05/17/1915, a German torpedo sank the boat, killing 1100 people, including 128 Americans |
Trench Warfare | A type of land warfare using trenches, long and narrow muddy ditches dug into the ground where soldiers lived and fought |
Poison gas or mustard gas | Chlorine gas used during World War I |
Tanks | Heavy vehicles designed to flatten enemy fortifications and cross trenches |
Events leading to the War | Disputes and conflicting alliances over territory in Europe after the Franco Prussian war of 1870-1871. Russia and France will be allied against Austria- Hungary, and Germany |
Franco Prussian war end results | Defeat of Napoleon III, Unified Germany, Occupation of France by Germans for 3 years, rise to powerful Germany which will lead to a rivalry between France and Germany |
US President Woodrow Wilson 1856-1924 | In 1914, he pledged neutrality of US in the World War conflict. But US and England were commercial partners, and when Germany announced unrestricted warfare in waters near England, tensions started, and the the Lusitania was sank. February 1917, the Housatomic, an American ship was sank by Germans, April 6, 1917, United States formerly entered World War I. |
Imperialism | When a country expands its territory and power over a large empire |
Nationalistic pride | To be proud of one's nation. If exaggerated, it can lead to intolerance and potential conflict |
Triple Entente | An alliance between Russia, Britain and France which started in 1907, in fear of Germany potential threat. It will contribute to Germany offensive-defensive attitude and the start of World War I |
Empires before World War I | The biggest one was the British Empire which included India, Australia, Canada, and many African Countries. Other Empires: Ottoman( Turkish)British, German, French and Russian |
Armistice | 11/11/1918 Signed in Compiegne, France, marking the ceasefire, stopping the fighting on the Western Front in France, an agreement to stop fighting, not a surrender |
Woodrow Wilson 14 Points | 01/08/1918 Speech by Woodrow Wilson in which he outlined his vision for a lasting peace in Europe, America and the World after World War I |
League of Nations/Societe des Nations | An attempt of International group of countries to act as World Peace keepers. It will end during World War II but will give rise to the later United Nations |
Treaty of Versailles | June 1919, the terms and conditions of peace after World War I, between Allies and Germany. It will play a long term negative role for its content and humiliating terms towards Germany. |
Plastic Surgery | It appeared during World War I to reconstruct the faces of disfigured soldiers, with Dr. Harold Gillies as one of the most famous pioneer in the field. |
Blood Banks | Invented by two Americans, J.Peyton Rous and J.R. Turner to save the lives of soldiers int he battle field. |
Shell shock before PTSD | A term to express post traumatic stress disorder of soldiers before PTSD term was created. |
Democracy | A system of government directly or indirectly decided by the people |
Communism | A political system theory where no individual property is allowed, with the intent of social equilibrium. In practice, it resulted in communist Soviet Union and communist China. |
Bolsheviks | A radical far left party founded by Lenin in Russia, will be renamed the communist party after the October Revolution in 1917 |