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Ch 12 Vocab
Chapter 12 Vocab- Services and Settlements
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Basic Business | A business that sells its products or services primarily to consumers outside the settlement. |
Business service | A service that primarily meets the needs of other businesses, including professional, financial, and transportation services. |
Central place | A market center for the exchange of services by people attracted from the surrounding area. |
Central place theory | Explains that the distribution of services based on the fact that settlements serve as centers of market areas for services; larger settlements are fewer and further apart than smaller ones and provide services for more people who are willing to travel. |
Clustered rural settlement | A rural settlement in which the houses and farm building of each family are situated close to each other, with fields surrounding the settlement. |
Consumer service | A service that primarily meets the needs of individual consumers, including retail, education, health, and leisure services. |
Dispersed rural settlement | A rural settlement characterized by isolated farms rather than clustered villages |
Economic base | A community's collection of basic businesses |
Enclosure movement | The process of consolidating small landholding into a smaller number of larger farms in England during the 18th century (1700s) |
Food desert | An area that has a substantial amount of low-income residents and poor access to a grocery store, defined in most cases as further than 1 mile. |
Gravity model | A model which holds that the potential use of a service at a particular location is directly related to the number of people in a location and inversely related to the distance people must travel to reach a service. |
Hinterland/Market Area | The area surrounding a central place form which people are attracted to use the place's goods and services |
Nonbasic business | A business that sells its products primarily to consumers in the same settlement |
Primate city | A city that is the largest settlement in a country and has more than twice as many people as the second-ranking settlement. |
Primate city rule | A pattern of settlements in a country such that the largest settlement has more than twice as many people as the second ranking settlement |
Public service | A service offered by the government to provide security and protection for citizens and businesses |
Range | The maximum distance people are willing to travel to use a service |
Rank-size rule | A pattern of settlement in a country such that the nth largest settlement is 1/n the population of the largest settlement. Ex. The 5th largest city should have 1/5 the population of the largest city. The 2nd largest city should have 1/2 the pop, etc. |
Service | Any activity that fulfills a human want or need and returns money to those who provide it. |
Settlement | A permanent collection of building and inhabitants. |
Threshold | The minimum number of people needed to support a service. |
Urbanization | An increase in the percentage of and the number of people living in urban settlements. |