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limt-ch 16 Lsn 5-6
muscles of hip & knee movement
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| comprised of psoas major, psoas minor & iliacus. | Iliopsoas |
| Can play a significant role in functional lordosis & scoliosis. | Iliopsoas |
| Main flexor of the hip, muscle that initiates walking (lifts the leg), & major cause of back pain. | Iliopsoas |
| in a cow this is the filet mignon | Iliopsoas |
| Origin=transvers process of T12-L5, vertebral bodies of T12-L5, intervertebral disks of lumbar vertebrae Insertion=lesser trochanter of femur Action= lat rotate hip, flexes hip, flexes vertebral column, ant tilts pelvis | Psoas Major |
| strongest hip flexor | Psoas Major |
| Origin=iliac fossa, ant inf iliac spine Insertion=lesser trochanter of femur, Actions=flexes hip, lat rotates hip, ant tilts pelvis | Iliacus |
| Largest muscle of all rotators | Piriformis |
| Origin= ant sacrum, Insertion=greater trochanter, Actions=lat rotates hip, abducts hip | Piriformis |
| Largest of all the lateral rotators and the most likely to become chornically shortened. 15% of population has all or part of the sciatic nerve running through it.This muscle may be in spasm if one/both feet are laterally rotated in a ducklike position. | Piriformis |
| Origin=lat ischial tuberosity, Insertion: greater trochanter Actio=lat rotates the hip. Is occasionally absent/fused with adductor magnus. | Quadratus Femoris |
| comprised of gluteus maximus, gluteus medius & gluteus minimus. Can be antagonists to themselves. | Gluteals |
| Iliotibial band is an insertion for both gluteus maximus and tensor fascia lata & helps stablized the knee. | Gluteals |
| a thickened strap of fascial tube that surrounds the thigh. It stretches from the iliac crest to the tibia. | Iliotibial tract, iliotibial band (IT band, ITB) |
| Origins=pos sacrum, pos coccyx, pos iliac crest, ext ilium pos to the pos gluteal line, Insertions=25% gluteal tuberosity & 75% IT band Actions= extends hip, lat rotates hip, adducts hip, pos tilts pelvis | Gluteus Maximus |
| Strongest hip extensor & one of the strongest muscles in the body. often more than 1" thick. used for power,also helps tense the fascia lata. | Gluteus Maximus |
| Origin=ext ilium between ant & pos gluteal lines, Insertion=greater trochanter, Actions=abducts hip, med rotates hip, lat rotates hip, ant rotates pelvis. This muscle stabilizes the hip to give us the ability to stand on one leg. | Gluteus Medius |
| Origin=ext ilium between ant & inf gluteal lines, Insertion=greater trochanter, Acions+abducts the hip, med rotates hip, ant rotates pelvis. this muscle is the synergist to the gluteus medius & is a weak hip abductor compared to glut.max. | Gluteus Minimus |
| Origins=ant iliac crest, ant sup iliac spine, Insertion: IT band, Actions: abducts the hip, flexes hip. med rotates hip | Tensor Fascia Lata |
| comprised of 4 muscles sharing a common attachment site on the tibia. The 4 muscle heads, are rectus femoris & vastus intermedius, vastus medialis & vastus lateralis. | Quadriceps Femoris |
| Lengthening/softening of this muscle may provide quick relief from knee problems because the quad tendon crosses knee joints. Overuse may create knee problems. | Quadriceps Femoris |
| Origins=ant inf iliac spine, ext ilium just sup to the acetabulum, Insertion= tibial tuberosity, Actions=flexes the hip, extends the knee, ant tilts the pelvis | Rectus Femoris |
| crosses two joints. this muscle has two articulations; hip flexion & knee extension. only quad muscle that has its origin @ the hip | Rectus Femoris |
| Origin=ant later femoral shaft, Insertion=tibial tuberosity, Action= extends the knee | Vastus Intermedius |
| Origin=linea aspera, Insertion=tibial tuberosity, Action= extends the knee. This muscle is sometimes called the teardrop or raindrop muscle because of the way it appears when outlined by the sartorius & rectus femoris. | Vastus Medialis |
| Origins=linea aspera, gluteal tuberosity, Insertion=tibial tuberosity, Action=extends the knee | Vastus Lateralis |
| Origin=ant sup iliac spine, Insertion=medial proximal tibial shaft (@pes anserinus), Actions=flexes hip, lat rotates hip, abducts hip, flexes knee, medially rotates leg(when knee is flexed). | Sartorius |
| Also known as the tailor's muscle. Longest muscle in the body, crosses both hip & knee joints,runs superficially & obliquely across the quadriceps femoris muscle. | Sartorius |
| comprised of BMT,biceps femoris, semimembranosus & semitendinosus. Both semiM & semiT occupy the medial pos thigh, bicps femoris occupying the lat thigh pos | Hamstrings |
| Origin=inf pubic ramus Insertion=medial proximal tibial shaft(@ pesanserinus)Actions=hip abductor, hip flexor, knee flexor, med.rotates leg(when knee is flexed) | Gracilis |
| The femoral shaft and this muscle form the letter V. This muscle is the most medial adductor & the only adductor that corsses both the hip & knee | Gracilis |
| Origins=ischual tuberosity, inf pubic ramus, ischial ramus Insertions=linea aspera, adductor tubercle of the femur ACTIONS=hip adductor, hip flexor, hip extender | Adductor Magnus |
| This muscle lies deep to the hamstrings & is divided into 2 sections; one on the linea aspera & one on the adductor tubercle. Between these two sections is an opening called adductor hiatus for passage of the femoral artery & vein. | Adductor Magnus |
| Origin=ant pubic body INSERTION=middle third of the linea aspera(medial lip) ACTION=hip adductor | Adductor Longus |
| ORIGIN=inf pubic ramus INSERTION=proximal third of the linea aspera(medial lip) ACTION=hip adductor | Adductor Brevis |
| ORIGIN=sup pubic ramus INSERTION=linea aspera; medial lip(inf to the lesser trochanter) ACTIONS=hip flexor, hip adductor | Pectineus |
| In relationship to this muscle the femoral artery may lie med. to the muscle;in some cases, the artery may cross this muscle superficially. additionally, ths muscle os foten regarded as the extension of the ilipsoas muscle because of its intertion & actio | Pectineus |
| This is the tendinous expansions of the sartorius, gracilis & semitendinosus inserting at the medial proximal tibial shaft. Say Grace before Tea | Pes Anserinus |
| ORIGIN=lateral condyl of the femur INSERTION=pos proximal tibial shaft ACTIONS=knee flexor, med.rotates leg(when knee is flexed) | Popliteus |
| This muscle is a weak knee flexor, but its function of unlocking the extended knee to bring flexion is vital to the other stronger knee flexors. Nickname: key that unlocks the knee | Popliteus |
| This term comes from 18th century butchers used the thighs & hips of the pic carcass to hang ham. | Hamstrings |
| mnemonic BMT or BTM to indicate their location on the pos thigh; Biceps femoris, semiMembranosus, semiTendinosus. | Hamstrings |
| Origin= ischial tuberosity Instertion=medial condyle of the tibia(pos surface), Actions=flexes knee,med rotates leg(when knee is flexed),extends hip,med rotates hip,pos tilts pelvis | Semimembranosus |
| Knee flexor muscle | Semimembranosus |
| Mnemonic M&M, semiMembranosus is that Medial hamstring muscle. On rare occasions this muscle is absent or will fuse with semitendinosus. | Semimembranosus |
| Origin=ischial tuberosity Insertion=medial prosimal tibial shaft(@pes anserinus) Actions=flexes knee, medially rotates the leg(when knee is flexed),extends hip,medially rotates hip,posteriorly tilts pelvis | Semitendosus |
| The smeiTendinosus is superficial to, or on TOP,of semimembranosus.This muscle may contain obliquely arranged teninous intersections within its belly. | Semitendosus |
| Origins=ischial tuberosity(long head),linea aspera;lower lat lip(short head) Insertion=fibular head Actions=flexes knee,lat rotates leg(when knee is flexed),extends hip,lat rotates hip,pos tilts pelvis | Biceps Femoris |
| This muscle occupies the lateral side of the posterior thigh. The short head of it does not cross the hip joint. On rare occasions this muscle is absent. | Biceps Femoris |
| comprised of adductor magnus,adductor brevis,adductor longus,gracilis. These all form the inner thigh, all have their origins on the pubis & insertions on the linea aspera except for the gracilis. | Adductus |
| Gracilis |
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cncos
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