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Science: Unit 2

Unit 2

QuestionAnswer
What is a cell membrane? Is a structure that protects the cell and controls the movement of particles in and out of the cell.
What is a cell wall? Is a tough, rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane.
What's cytoplasm? Is a jelly like substance containing organelles, water, and other life supporting materials.
What's a nucleus? Is an organelle that controls all activities within a cell, with genetic material inside.
What's mitochondria? Is the energy producing organelle in the cell, it produces energy by cellular respiration.
What is cellular respiration? Occurs when chemical energy we take in through food we eat is changed into energy that our cells use to carry out their activities.
What is chloroplast? Is the organelle that traps energy from the sun and changes it into chemical energy.
What's a vacuole? Is an organelle that performs several functions, such as temporary storage of substances and water regulation. They tend to be larger in plant cells.
What's a vesicle? Is a membrane bound sac that's smaller than a vacuole, they move materials, into, out of, and around the cell.
What is the Endoplasmic Reticulum(E.R)? The E.R. is a network of membrane covered channels in the cytoplasm that transport materials.
What's the Golgi Body? Is an organelle that packages some materials for transportation in and out of the cell.
What's the Lysosome? Is an organelle that breaks down other organelles and recycles them when they wear out.
What are ribosomes? Assemble proteins, each is like a small factory that manufactures proteins.
What's the three points of cell theory? 1)The cell is the basic unit of life. 2)All organisms are composted of one or more cells. 3)All come from other living cells.
What are Prokaryotic cells? Organelles that are not surrounded by membrane.
What are Eukaryotic cells? Organelles that are surrounded by membrane.
What's the difference between plant and animal cells? Plant Cells have a cell wall and chloroplasts, and the animal call doesn't.
What are the Characteristics of living things? Respond to the environment, made of cells, grows, needs energy, reproduce, produces and gets rid of waste, and exchanges gases.
What's diffusion? The movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of low concentration.
What's a selectively permeable membrane? It only lets some things pass through.
What's a permeable membrane? It lets basically anything through.
What's a impermeable membrane? It doesn't let anything through.
What's equilibrium? When there's an equal amount of particles on both sides.
What's Osmosis? The diffusion of water particles through a selectively permeable membrane.
How are bodies organized? Cells -> Tissues -> Organs -> Organ Systems -> Organism.
What are the components of blood? Solid and Liquid.
What's Solid Blood? Red and white blood cells, and platelets.
What's Liquid Blood? Plasma.
What percentage is water and what percentage is dissolved material in plasma? 92% is water, and 8% is dissolved.
What are the three types of blood vessels? Capillaries, veins, and arteries.
Describe the path of air from your mouth to your lungs. Air enters through your mouth or nose, then goes down to your larynx, then to your trachea then through your bronchi, and directly into your lungs.
What's a basic procedure with microscopes? Carry and hold the microscope with two hands, and have a clear space on your work area.
What's depth of field? The distance from the objective lens that's in focus.
What's field of view? The area that is visible under the microscope.
What happens to the image under the microscope? It gets magnified.
how do you calculate total magnification? Low/medium/high power lens x eyepiece lens [low=4/medium=10/high=40,eyepiece=10]
How is oxygen and carbon dioxide exchanged in the alveoli? By diffusion.
What does your epiglottis do? It stops food from going into your lungs.
Created by: kdsa
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