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Chapter 1
Term | Definition |
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Motor development | refers to the continuous, age-related process of change in movement as well as interacting constraints (or factors) in the individual, environment, and task that drive these changes. |
Motor learning | refers to the relatively permanent gains in motor skill capability associated with practice or experience. |
Motor control | is the study of the neural, physical and behavioural aspects of movement. |
Physical growth | is an increase in size of body mass resulting in complete, already formed body parts. |
Physiological maturation | is a qualitative advance in biological makeup and may refer to cell, organ or system advancement in biological composition rather than to size alone. |
Aging | is the process, occurring with the passage of time, that’s leads to loss of adaptability or full function and eventually to death. |
Constraint | is a characteristic of the individual, environmental, or task that encourages some movement while discouraging others. |
Individual constraint | are a persons or organisms unique physical and mental characteristics. Structural constraints |
Functional constraints | are individual constraints related to behavioural function. |
Environmental constraints | are constraints related to the world around us. |
Task constraints | include the goals and rule structure of a particular movement or activity. |
Longitudinal research study | is one in which the same individuals or group is observed performing the same tasks or behaviours on numerous occasions over a long time. |
Cross-sectional research study | is one in which developmental change is inferred by observing individuals or group of varying ages at one point in time. |
Cohort | a group whose members share a common characteristic, such as age or experience |
Mixed longitudinal, or sequential research study | several age groups are observed at one time or over a shorter time span, permitting observation of an age span that is longer than the observation period. |