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Science chap. 13
How Plants Make Their Food and Live
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| chlorophyll | the green coloring matter of leaves and plants, essential to the production of carbohydrates by photosynthesis, and occurring in a bluish-black form, C55H72MgN4O5 |
| chloroplasts | a plastid containing chlorophyll |
| glucose | a sugar, C6H12O6, having several optically different forms, the common dextrorotatory form :occurring in many fruits, animal tissues and fluids, etc., and having a sweetness about one half that of ordinary sugar, and the rare levorotatory form |
| guard cells | either of two specialized epidermal cells that flank the pore of a stoma and usually cause it to open and close |
| insect-eaters | plants having modified leaves that trap and digest insects |
| leaf | one of the expanded, usually green organs borne by the stem of a plant |
| phloem | the part of a vascular bundle consisting of sieve tubes, companion cells, parenchyma, and fibers and forming the food-conducting tissue of a plant |
| photosynthesis | (esp. in plants) the synthesis of complex organic materials, esp. carbohydrates, from carbon dioxide, water, and inorganic salts, using sunlight as the source of energy and with the aid of chlorophyll and associated pigments. |
| root | a part of the body of a plant that develops, typically, from the radicle and grows downward into the soil, anchoring the plant and absorbing nutriment and moisture |
| root hairs | an elongated tubular extension of an epidermal cell of a root, serving to absorb water and minerals from the soil |
| starch | a white, tasteless, solid carbohydrate, (C6H10O5)n, occurring in the form of minute granules in the seeds, tubers, and other parts of plants, and forming an important constituent of rice, corn, wheat, beans, potatoes, and many other vegetable foods |
| stem | the ascending axis of a plant, whether above or below ground, which ordinarily grows in an opposite direction to the root or descending axis |
| stoma | mouth or ingestive opening, esp. when in the form of a small or simple aperture |
| transpiration | the passage of water through a plant from the roots through the vascular system to the atmosphere |
| xylem | a compound tissue in vascular plants that helps provide support and that conducts water and nutrients upward from the roots, consisting of tracheids, vessels, parenchyma cells, and woody fibers |
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