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Jefferson Era Vocab

TermDefinition
laissez- fare French philosophy which means "let people do as they choose." This idea impacted Jefferson reducing the power and size of the federal government.
customs duties Taxes on foreign imported goods. Jefferson removed all taxes but customs duties. This became one of only two sources of revenue for America (also the sale of land in the west).
judicial review The constitution is the supreme law of the land, the Constitution overrules all other laws, and the job of the judicial branch is to uphold the constitution.
McCulloch v Maryland Maryland attempts to tax the national bank to earn back revenue lost form state banks. Maryland loses b/c a state can't tax a federal institution. (example of federal vs states powers)
Gibbons v Ogden Federal laws and licenses overrule state laws and licenses when it comes to transportation of goods. (example of federal vs states powers)
Conestoga wagons sturdy vehicles topped with white canvas used for westward travel by pioneers. Only what was needed could be packed (rifles,ax) People rarely road in the wagons but walked along their side.
Louisiana Territory The area of land west of the Mississippi River that extend to the Rocky Mountains and later to the Oregon Country. Owned by Spain. Valuable land for the expansion of farming and transportation of goods.
Napoleon Bonaparte France's leader (military dictator) that sought to extend his empire across Europe and into the Americas. Purchases the Louisiana Territory in a secret agreement so that he may invade the US.
Toussaint-Louverture Slave in Santo Domingo/Haiti that leads a rebellion against imperial/colonial control. Takes control back from France and declares the lands independent. Napoleon never regains control.
Meriwether Lewis and William Clark ML was Jefferson's private secretary and former militia man and WC was a long time friend of Lewis. Both qualified and experienced explorers entrusted to explore, document and map the Louisiana Territory.
Sacagawea A young female Shoshone native guide that escorts Lewis and Clark across the Louisiana Territory. A journey taking almost two years and crossing 4,000 miles.
secede To withdraw from the Union (the United States). The Federalists party was angry over Jefferson's purchase of the LT and threatened to "break away. "
tribute Protection money. North African pirates of the Barbary Coast states terrorize the Mediterranean attacking US ships full of cargo.
Stephen Decatur 25-year-old United States Navy captain, took action against the pirates that captured the U.S. warship the Philadelphia and threw the captain and crew into jail. Decatur burned the captured ship to prevent the pirates from using it
neutral rights A nation not involved in a conflict had neutral rights—the right to sail the seas and not take sides.
impressment This practice of forcing people to serve in the navy was called impressment. While some of those taken were deserters from the British navy, the British also impressed thousands of native born and naturalized American citizens.
Embargo Act/embargo In December 1807, the Republican Congress passed the Embargo Act. An embargo prohibits trade with another country. Although Great Britain was the target of this act, the embargo banned imports from and exports to all foreign countries
non-intercourse act Congress repealed the Embargo Act & replaced it with the much weaker Nonintercourse Act. The new act prohibited trade only with Britain and France and their colonial possessions. It was no more popular or successful than the Embargo Act.
War Hawks A group of young Republicans elected to Congress in 1810. They came from the South and the West. The War Hawks pressured the president to declare war against Britain. They wanted to avenge British actions against Americans, they were also eager to expand
nationalism A loyalty to their country which appealed to a renewed sense of American patriotism.
Created by: MsStephens
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