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Hydrosphere
8.E.1.1
| What percent of the earths water is the ocean | 97% |
| what percent of the earths water is fresh water | 3% |
| what percent of freshwater is frozen? | 77% |
| What percent of water on Earth is usable to humans? | less than 1% |
| What percent of earth is land? | about 30% |
| What percent of earth is water? | about 70% |
| Why is majority of freshwater not accessible? | frozen in ice caps and glaciers |
| What is a river basin? | area that drains into a large river |
| What is a watershed? | area that drains into a small river or stream |
| What are large river basins made up of | many interconnected watersheds |
| What is groundwater | water found in cracks and pores in sand, gravel, and rocks below the earths surface |
| what is an aquifer | a porous rock layer underground that is a reservoir for water |
| what is a wetland | area where a water table is at near or above the land surface long enough during the year to support adapted plant growth |
| what is erosion | the process by which soil and sediment are transported from one location to another. |
| what is the water cycle | continuous movement of earths water from the ocean to the atmosphere to the land and back to the ocean. |
| what is runoff | precipitation that flows over land into streams and rivers. this water later enters oceans |
| what is evaporation | water from the oceans and the earths surface changes into water vapor |
| what is condensation | when water vapor cools and changes into water droplets that form clouds in the atmosphere |
| what is precipitation | rain, snow, sleet, or hail that falls from clouds onto the earths land and oceans |
| sonar | sound navigation and ranging is a method of determining the depth of the ocean by sending sound to bounce off the ocean floor. |
| algal blooms | rapid growth of algae encouraged by too many nutrients in the water, also cause high turbidity |
| Adhesion | the tendency of water to stick to other substances |
| Cohesion | the attractive force between water molecules |
| Polarity | uneven distribution of charges across a molecule |
| Soluble | having the ability to be dissolved in another substance |
| Estuary | form where salty ocean waters mixes with fresh waters from rivers, also acts as a the aquatic animals that live there |
| Phytoplankton | the plant and algae component of the plankton; the primary producers of most ocean food webs. |
| Upwelling | the upward movement to the ocean surface of deeper, cold and usually nutrient-rich waters, especially along some shores, due to the offshore movement of surface waters |
| ROV (Remotely Operated Vehicle) | unmanned submersible tethered to a mother ship and operated by pilots using a joy stick. |
| hydrothermal vents | cracks in the oceans crust that releases mineral-rich water that has been heated by earths interior |
| pollutant | any substance or form of energy that can cause harm to the environment and make it unit for use by organisms |
| point-source pollution | pollution that comes from a single identifiable site |
| non point-source pollution | pollution that comes from many places or a source that is not easily identified |
| chemosynthesis | process where chemicals are used as the energy source. Process occurs around hydrothermal vents in the deep sea where sunlight is absent. |
| intertidal zone | the area where the ocean meets the land between high and low tides. |
| open ocean zone | includes three different depth zones which light varies in penetration. |
| deep ocean zone | no sunlight, cold water, extreme pressure, |
| abyssal plain | an underwater plain on the deep ocean floor |
Created by:
Hardeem1
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