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Chapter 5
Human Geography
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Identity | How people make sense of themselves and how they see themselves at different scales. |
Identifying against | Constructing an identity by first defining an “other” and then defining self “not the other.” |
Gender | a culture’s assumptions about the differences between men and women: their ‘characters,’ the roles they play in society, what they represent. |
Race | a combination of physical attributes in a population. |
Residential Segregation | the “degree to which two or more groups live separately from one another” within an urban area. |
Succession | Process by which new immigrants move to a city and take over areas or neighborhoods occupied by older immigrant groups. |
Ethnicity | identity shared by a group of people who have a common culture, generally based on cultural traits (religion, language), national origin, or race. |
Structures of power | assumptions and relationships dictating who is in control and who has power over others. |
Sexuality | sexual orientation or preference identified by a person |
Intersectionality | the overlap or interconnection between social groups, including race, gender, class, and sexuality. |
Gross national income (GNI) | A measurement of a country’s wealth that includes the total value of all goods and services produced within the borders of a country, plus income received from investments outside of the country in a year. |
Formal economy | what is reported to and taxed by government, |
Informal economy | economic activities not counted or taxed by government |
Vulnerability | fundamentally influenced by geographically specific social and environmental circumstances. |
Sex ratio | the ratio of males relative to females in a population. |
Dowry | a price paid in cash and gifts by the bride’s family to the groom’s father |
Barrioization | a change that saw the Hispanic population of a neighborhood jump from 4 percent in 1960 to over 90 percent in 2000. |