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Fricative Acoustics

Acoustics of Fricatives and Affricates, Stridents and Non Stridents

QuestionAnswer
Stridents of English vc Alveolar Fricative, vcls Alveolar Fricative, Vc Post Alveolar Fricative, vcls Post Alveolar Fricative
Description of Strident Properties (English) -noise intensity, - how it's produced, -energy levels -Intense noise energy (though not necessarily loud) -Turbulent noise of the voiced fricatives is modulated (caused) by the laryngeal vibrations. The turbulent noise is pulsed by the voicing source.
Articulatory Process of Fricatives Articulation:1) Formation of a narrow constriction somewhere in the vocal tract 2) development of turbulent air 3) generation of turbulent noise
Acoustic Properties of Fricatives (overview) Have relatively long durations of noise, and it is this lengthy interval of aperiodic energy that distinguishes them as a sound class
Order in which the Acoustic Energy of a Fricative Increases by Manner of Articulation 1) Dental Fricatives, 2) Labial Fricatives, 3) Alveolar Fricatives, 4) Palatal Fricatives
In Post Vocalic Position, the acoustic cues for the Affricate-Fricative distinction are: (4) 1) the rise time and duration of the segment (Affricates rise faster (because of the stop segment)) 2) the presence or absence of a release burst (present in Affricates) 3) the duration of a stop gap (longer for Affricates)
Voiced Stridents (noisiness in contrast to other fricatives) Voiceless Stridents (noisiness in contrast to other fricatives) Which sounds are: Quietest of Fricatives/Loudest of Fricatives ?
Spectral distinction of non Stridents in energy and spectra.. Non Stridents are weak in overall energy and produce a fairly flat spectra.
Articulatory Process of Affricates in English -Complex sounds, involving a sequence of Stop & Fricative articulations. -Like Stops, Affricates are produced with a period of complete obstruction in the vocal tract. - Like Fricatives, the Affricate is associated with a period of friction.
Acoustic Properties of Affricates - Friction interval tends to be shorter than that for fricatives -Mean Rise Time for is around half of that of Fricatives
Non Stridents Acoustic Properties The overall noise energy of Non Stridents is obviously less than that for the Stridents. -Quasi periodic modulation of the noise by glottal pulses is evident for the VOICED Non Stridents
Acoustic Distinction between Voiced and Unvoiced Non Stridents - The Quasi periodic modulation of the noise caused by the glottal pulses is Absent from the Voiceless Non Stridents (since they aren't voiced and the vocal chords aren't vibrating)
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Voices

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