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Grassland

Introduction to grassland

QuestionAnswer
Botanical Composition The range of grasses, plants and other vegetation present
Stocking rate The number of animals that can be stocked on a set of area of land
Production levels The amount of herbage produced by pasture
Types of grassland Rough grazing, permanent pasture and ley
% of farmland under grassland 90%
Growth stages Vegetative, elongation, reproductive
Vegetative stage Leaves (tillers) develop on grass plant
Elongation stage Stem begins to grow
Reproductive stage Seed head develops
Growth rate Slows when entering reproductive stage and yield slows
Palatability How pleasant the grass is to taste
Productivity Measure of the quantity of plant material (herbage) produced by grass
Digestibility Proportion of food that can be broken down and used by the animal compared to amount of food consumed
Dry matter (DM) The matter remaining in a sample after the water has been removed
Dry matter digestibility (DMD) The amount (percentage) of dry matter that can be digested by an animal
Dry matter intake (DMI) The amount of feed an animal consumes excluding its water content
95% of seed sown in ireland Perennial Ryegrass
Perennial Ryegrass High palatability, productivity and digestibility, high DM production, good tillering ability
Tillering Development of side shoots on a plant
Italian Ryegrass Biennial plant, 20% more herbage than PRG
White clover Fix nitrogen, source of protein, reduced costs and good ground cover
Red clover Highly digestible, high yield in silage, fix nitrogen and tap roots improve aeration and soil structure
Heading date Time when the ear emerges on the grass plant
Early heading date Mid-May (grazing in Spring March/April)
Intermediate heading date Late May (good silage yield in May-July)
Late heading date Early June (silage June-late July) and long term grazing
Seed mixture Combination of a number of different species in a pasture
Seed mixtures for grazing Mix of heading dates to have constant supply of grass
Seed mixtures for silage Heading dates similar, grass growth will be uniform
Created by: ac1410
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