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Jude 7th - Chapter 7
Chapter 7: The Rise of Islam
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Holy Sepulchre | church built over Christ's tomb |
caravan | group of people traveling together |
Allah | Arabic word for God |
monotheism | belief in one God |
Mecca | city where Muhammad received his revelations |
Medina | Muhammad's capital city |
Muhammad | founder of Islam |
Quran | sacred book of Islam |
mosque | Muslim house of worship |
Arabic | language the Quran is written in |
polygamy | having two or more wives |
Five Pillars of Islam | commands left by Muhammad that every devout Muslim is required to observe |
Islam | means submission |
theocracy | government carried out by God or someone guided by God |
Abu Bakr | first caliph after Muhammad |
caliph | successor to the Prophet |
infidels according to the Muslims | Jews and Christians |
Omar | second caliph |
Byzantine Empire | empire that helped fight against the Muslim Arab armies |
Dome of the Rock | mosque built on top of the site of Solomon's Temple in Jerusalem |
Othman | third caliph |
Ali | fourth caliph |
Umyaad family | powerful noble family from Mecca that Othman belonged to |
Shiites | believed only descendants of Muhammad could be caliphs |
Sunnis | did not believe that caliphs had to be descendants of Muhammad |
Abbasid family | powerful family from Persia who took over the Umyaads |
Al-Saffah | the bloodspiller |
Baghdad | new Abbasid capital |
Damascus | new Umyaad capital |