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China
Term | Definition |
---|---|
huang | yellow |
loess | yellow-brown soil deposited when the river floods |
ancestor | a relative from whom one is descended |
feudalism | a strict social system in which landowners grant people land or other rewards in exchange for military service or labor |
Confucianism | a belief system based on the ideas of the Chinese thinker Confucius |
Legalism | an ancient Chinese philosophy stating that a strong leader and a strong legal system, not moral values, are needed to create social order |
Daoism | a philosophy of following the Dao, that is, the natural way of the universe |
Great Wall | long wall running east and west along the Chinese empire's northern border |
Mandate of Heaven | in ancient China, the presumed right to rule given to a dynasty by Heaven, the highest force of nature |
patriarchy | society in which men rule their families, and people trace their origins through male ancestors |
philosophy | general study of knowledge and the world; Greek for "love of wisdom" |
filial piety | the devotion of children to their parents |
ancestor worship | practice of honoring the spirits of the dead |
Buddhism | A non-theistic religion (no belief in a creator god), also considered a philosophy and a moral discipline, originating in India in the 6th and 5th centuries BCE. It was founded by Siddhartha Gautama |
bureaucracy | a system of government in which most of the important decisions are made by state officials rather than by elected representatives |
Silk Road | network of trade routes connecting the east and west; gets its name from the silk trade carried along its length |
Middle Kingdom | nickname for ancient China; comes from their belief that they were the center of the world |