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Cells
A review for a test about cells
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| cell organelles | "Little organs" of a cell; a membrane bound structure found within a cell |
| nucleus | Controls and regulates activity of the cell "the brain" |
| cell wall | a structural layer surrounding some types of cells, just outside the cell membrane. It can be tough, flexible, and sometimes rigid. It provides the cell with both structural support and protection, and also acts as a filtering mechanism. |
| chloroplast | (in green plant cells) a structure that contains chlorophyll and in which photosynthesis takes place |
| vacuole | enclosed spaces which are filled with water containing inorganic and organic molecules |
| mitochondria | known as the powerhouses of the cell. They are organelles that act like a digestive system which takes in nutrients, breaks them down, and creates energy rich molecules for the cell |
| ribosomes | a small particle consisting of RNA and associated proteins found in large numbers in the cytoplasm |
| Smooth and Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) | a network of membranes found throughout the cell and connected to the nucleus. It functions as a manufacturing and packaging system |
| cell membrane | separates the interior of all cells from the outside environment which protects the cell from its environment. |
| autotroph | an organism that can produce its own food using light, water, carbon dioxide, or other chemicals. Because autotrophs produce their own food, they are sometimes called producers. |
| heterotroph | an organism that cannot produce its own food, instead taking nutrition from other sources of organic carbon, mainly plant or animal matter |
| prokaryotic cell | cells that do not have a true nucleus or membrane-bound organelles |
| eukaryotic cells | cells that contain a nucleus and organelles, and are enclosed by a plasma membrane |
| photosynthesis | the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water. |
| cellular respiration | the process by which the chemical energy of "food" molecules is released and partially captured in the form of ATP |
| equation for photosynthesis | carbon dioxide + water+ light -------sugar+oxygen |
| equation for cellular respiration | glucose +oxygen ---------- carbon dioxide+water+ATP |
| glucose | Glucose is a simple sugar with the molecular formula C₆H₁₂O₆. |
| ATP | able to store and transport chemical energy within cells |
Created by:
lblakedaniel
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