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Arch24A
Historical Architecture
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Cave Walls, Lascaux, Dordogne, France. What year: List the painted imagery found on the cave walls: | Year: ca. 15,000-20,000 BCE Red cows or bulls, animals, humans, abstract signs, and hallucinogenic paintings. |
| Newgrange Passage Grave, Country Meath, Ireland. What year: 1) Early morning sunlight on which solstice (?) illuminates the chamber floor. 2) Establishing a connection between the (blank) and (blank) worlds. | Year: ca. 3100 BCE 1) Winter solstice 2) Human and Celestial |
| Stonehenge, Salisbury Plain, England. What year: 1) On the summer solstice the sun rises over the: 2) Indicates the coming of which season? | Year: ca. 2900-1400 BCE 1) Heel stone 2) Fall or Harvest season |
| Tepe Gawra, Sumer, (Iraq). What year: List the formal principles and attributes of this religious structure: | Year: ca. 3800 BCE Pilasters, triangle windows, mud walls, over sized doors, U-shaped open court |
| White Temple of Anu, Uruk, Mesopotamia, (Iraq). What year: List the formal principals and attributes of the temple: | Year: ca. 3500-3000 BCE Layers of whitewash, sloping walls of earth covered with sun dried brick |
| Ziggurat at Ur, Mesopotamia, (Iraq). What year: List formal principals and attributes of the Ziggurat: | Year: ca. 2100 BCE Constructed of sun dried bricks, outer layer of kiln-fired brick and bitumen, sloping walls |
| City of Ur, Mesopotamia, (Iraq). What year: List formal principals and attributes of the Residential Quarter: | Year: ca. 2100 BCE Foundation was orthogonal, courtyards provided light and fresh air, densely packed |
| The Palace, Khorsabad, Assyria (Iraq). What year: 1) Who was the Palace of Khorsabad designed for: | Year: ca. 720 BCE 1) Assyrian King Sargon II |
| Persepolis, Persia, (Iran). What year: List three other cultures influenced the architecture found in the ruins of Persepolis: 1) 2) 3) | Year: ca. 518 BCE 1) Hittites 2) Assyrians 3) Egyptians |
| Alexander the Great, Born; Greece. What year: 1) What year did he die and in what location: | Year: ca. 356 BCE 1) 323 BCE, Babylon |
| The Stepped Pyramid, Saqqara, Egypt. What year: Name the man who is credited to be its Architect: | Year: ca. 2630 BCE Imhotep |
| Khufu's Pyramid, Giza, Egypt. What year: List 2 distinct features of this pyramid: 1) 2) | Year: ca. 2528 BCE 1) Most of the stone in the pyramid is limestone, except the chamber in the center is granite. 2) The largest Pyramid. |
| Fourth Dynasty, Pyramids, Giza, Egypt. What year: List the 3 descendants of Sneferu of the 4th Dynasty: 1) 2) 3) | Year: ca. 2550-2460 BCE 1) Khufu 2) Khafre 3) Menkaure |
| Mortuary Temple of Queen Hatshepsut, Deir-ei-Bahari Egypt. What year: Though built after, and next to, Mentuhotep's Mortuary which major element is now not present: 1) | Year: ca. 1473-1458 BCE 1) Queen Hatshepsut's tomb. |
| Temple of Amun, Karnak, Egypt. What year: List 2 distinct features emphasized in this temple: 1) 2) | Year: ca. 1550 BCE 1) Strong axis 2) Monumental procession |
| Temple of Edfu, Egypt. What year: The Pylon gate acted as a threshold and signified what kind of space just beyond it: 1) | Year: ca. 237 BCE 1) Increasing sacredness |
| Architectural Ideas. List the 4 fundamental architectural ideas that appear in Egyptian architecture: 1) 2) 3) 4) | 1) Demarcation - to mark the spot such as Obelisks 2) Orientation - Axis (NESW) 3) Sequential movement - Moving from one space to the next such as courtyards, temples, etc 4) Surface articulation - Hieroglyphics, paintings/imagery (explains what it is) |
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