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ch 26
vocab
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Triple Alliance | An alliance between Germany Austria-Hungary, and Italy in the late 1800's. |
Triple Entente | An alliance between France, Russia, and Great Britain in the late 1800's. |
Franz Ferdinand | Heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary whose assassination by a Serb nationalist started World War I. |
Gavrilo Princip | Serbian nationalist; he assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria- Hungary, which started World War I. |
Neutral | In a war, not aiding either side. |
Central powers | The alliance between Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire during World War I. |
Allied Powers | The alliance formed between Britain, France, and Russia during World War I. |
Western Front | During World War I, the deadlocked region in northern France where German and Allied armies faced off. |
Trench Warfare | A form of combat in which soldiers dug trenches, or deep ditches, to seek protection from enemy fire and to defend their positions. |
Total War | A war that requires the use of all a society resources. |
Propaganda | Information such as posters and pamphlets created by governments in order to influence public opinion. |
Battle of Verdun | The longest battle of World War I; in ended in stalemate, with both side suffering hundreds of thousands of casualties. |
Gallipoli Campaign | Failed attempt by the Allies in World War I to take control of Dardanelles. |
Genocide | The killing of an entire people. |
Bolsheviks | Marxists whose goal was to seize state power and establish a dictatorship of the proletariat; Soviet Communists. |
Grigory Rasputin | A self-proclaimed Russian holy man and prominent figure at the court of Czar Nicholas II. He was viewed as corrupt, and support for czarist Russia deteriorated. |
Marxism-Leninism | The political and economic philosophy of the Bolsheviks, expounded by Vladimir Lenin, which looked to an uprising of the proletariat that would abolish private property and enforce social equality. |
Leon Trotsky | Russian Communist revolutionary; he negotiated the peace between Russia and the Central Powers to end Russian involvement in World War I. |
New Economic Policy | Lenin's plan, started in 1921, to allow limited capitalism, especially among farmers, in order to restore the Soviet economy. |
Woodrow Wilson | Twenty-eighth president of the United States; he proposed the League of Nations after World War I as a part of his Fourteen Points. |
U-boats | Submarines used by Germans in World War I and II. |
Zimmermann Note | A telegram sent to German official in Mexico prior to U.S entrance into World War I; proposed an alliance between Germany and Mexico. |
Armistice | An agreement to cease fighting, usually in a war. |
Fourteen Points | President Woodrow Wilson's plan for organizing post- World War I Europe and for avoiding future wars. |
Treaty of Versailles | Treaty ending World War I; required Germany to pay huge war reparations and established the League of Nations. |
League of Nations | An international body of nations formed after World War I to prevent future wars. |
Mandates | Territories once part of the Ottoman Empire that the League of Nations gave power to rule after World War I. |
Balfour Declaration | A statement issued by the British foreign secretary in favor of establishing a Jewish homeland in Palestine. |