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Digestive System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Name the 4 stages of the digestive system | ingestion, digestion, absorption, elimination |
| Food entering the body through the mouth & being chewed is known as ? | ingestion |
| Breaking down food through mechanical (smooth muscle action) & chemical (release of enzymes) processes is know as what | digestion |
| the passing of food into the bloodstream to be used by the bodys tissues is known as ? | absorption |
| the removal of waste | elimination |
| an efficient digestive system tells us when we are hungry, full & thirsty how ? | sending messages to the brain via the nervous system |
| to extract important nutrients from food & drink for immediate use, storage & removing any waste is which systems job | digestive system |
| digestive tract, gastrointestinal tract or gut are other names for what canal ? | alimentary canal |
| what other names is the "alimentary canal" known as | digestive tract, gastrointestinal tract or gut |
| in the correct order name the organs food passes through on its journey through the alimentary canal (digestive tract, gut) | mouth, oesophagus (gullet), stomach, small intestine, large intestine |
| name the organ where food begins to be broken down through the process of mastication (chewing) | mouth |
| name the organ which is a thick walled muscular tube that carries broken down food from mouth to stomach | oesophagus (gullet) |
| which organ breaks down food further by releasing enzymes & killing bacteria | stomach |
| what organ is a muscular bag located on the left side of the upper abdomen ? | stomach |
| which organ is a tightly folded tube that receives food from the stomach | small intestine |
| which intestine is the major site for digestion within the alimentary canal | small intestine |
| which intestines role is to absorb important nutrients into the bloodstream to be passed into the bodys tissues & used for energy ? | small intestine |
| which intestine is dived into 3 sections (duodendum, jejunum, ileum) | small intestine |
| how many sections is the small intestine divided into ? | 3 sections (duodendum, jejunum, ileum) |
| what size roughly is the small intestine in its normal form | size of an adults middle finger roughly |
| what size roughly is the small intestine when stretched out ? | about 22 feet (6.7m) long |
| which organ is made up of the colon & the rectum ? | Large intestine |
| which intestines role is to absorb water & vitamins from food residue, and forms & stores shit ready for excretion | Large intestine |
| A large tube that surrounds the abdominal cavity is called the ? | colon |
| passageway for shit is know as ? | rectum |
| valve like exit at the end of the alimentary canal is known as | anus |
| food is broken down at different points of the alimentary canal by digestive what ? | enzymes |
| Name the 3 major food groups (macronutrients) | Carbohydrates, Fats, protein |
| speeding up chemical reactions in cells is the role of ? | Enzymes (biological catalysts) |
| who's role is it to speed up the process of nutrients being broken down in the digestive tract & absorbed into the bloodstream for use ? | Digestive enzymes |
| what are digestive enzymes role | speed up the process of nutrients being broken down in the digestive tract & absorbed into the bloodstream for use |
| Amylase, Sucrase, Maltase & Lactase are all digestive enzymes that breakdown which food group (macronutrient) | carbohydrate |
| once broken down by digestive enzymes carbohydrates become what ? | Glycogen then glucose |
| carbohydrate once broken down becomes Glycogen then glucose which is used for ? | Energy |
| Lipase is a digestive enzyme that breaks down which food group (macronutrient) ? | Fats |
| once broken down by digestive enzymes fats become what ? | Fatty acids & Glycerol |
| fats once broken down becomes Fatty acids & Glycerol which is used for ? | Energy & insulation |
| Pepsin & peptidase are all digestive enzymes that breakdown which food group (macronutrient) | Protein |
| once broken down by digestive enzymes proteins become what ? | Peptide chains then amino acids |
| Proteins once broken down become Peptide chains then amino acids which are used for ? | Growth & Tissue repair |
| what type of complex carbohydrate "cannot" be digested by the human body | dietary fibre |
| what type of carbohydrate is dietary fibre ? | complex |
| Dietary fibre foods such as fruits, veg, whole grains & cereals are what types of carbohydrates | complex |
| what complex carbohydrate is vital for the efficient functioning of the digestive system ? | dietary fibre |
| on average how many grams per day of fibre should an adult eat | 30g |
| how does fibre help the gut ? 3 examples | smooth & speedy waste removal, increase in good bacteria in the gut, feeling fuller longer (less snacking) |
| constant snacking (poor diet) on high sugar foods can accelerate what two conditions | obesity & type 2 diabetes |
| for fiber to be effective in supporting gut function adequate levels of what must be maintained ? | drinking water (hydration) |
| what supports the passing of food through the alimentary canal & helps waste disposal | drinking water (hydration) |
| Name the two organs outside of the alimentary canal that are instrumental in the digestion process | the liver & pancreas |
| what is the largest internal organ in the body | the liver |
| Removal of nutrients from the blood, conversion & storage are functions relating specifically to digestion & food absorption of which organ outside the alimentary canal ? | the liver |
| Removing glucose (not used for energy) & converting it back to glycogen is a function of which organ outside the alimentary canal ? | the liver |
| Bile secretion, which is vital for the breakdown of fats in the small intestine is a function of which organ outside the alimentary canal ? | the liver |
| Detoxifying harmful substances in the blood eg alcohol & converting them into urea to be removed in urine is a function of which organ outside the alimentary canal ? | the liver |
| storing vitamins & minerals that have many health benefits is a function of which organ outside the alimentary canal ? | the liver |
| removal of bacteria from the blood stream is a function of which organ outside the alimentary canal ? | the liver |
| what organs role outside of the alimentary canal is to secrete digestive juices into the small intestine which contain digestive enzymes to break down nutrients | pancreas |
| where is the pancreas located | behind the stomach sitting on the back of the abdomen |
| where is the liver located | upper right quadrant of the abdomen |
| which organs secrete enzymes to aid digestion ? (1 in alimentary canal & 1 not) | "stomach" (in alimentary canal) + "pancreas" (outside alimentary canal) |
| The process of digestion start to finish can take how long ? | 12 to 72 hours individual dependent |
| Mouth & oesophagus digestion time scale in seconds - MASTICATION (chewing) | 30 to 60 seconds |
| Mouth & oesophagus digestion time scale in seconds - SWALLOWING | 1 TO 3 SECONDS |
| Mouth & oesophagus digestion time scale in seconds - TRAVEL THROUGH OESOPHAGUS | 5 TO 8 SECONDS |
| STOMACH digestion time scale in hours | 2 to 6 hours |
| SMALL INTESTINE digestion time scale in hours | 1 TO 5 HOURS |
| LARGE INTESTINE digestion time scale in hours | 9 TO 72 HOURS |
Created by:
LeeNelson
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