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MT201 Final
MT 201 Final Exam Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the most abundant tissue in the body? | connective tissue |
| Three primary functions of connective tissue | (1)support and hold together the body and its parts (2)also to transport substances through the body (3)to protect the body from foreign substances |
| Connective tissue are made of: | (1) matrix (2) fibers (3) cells |
| Connective tissue cells are often spaced far apart, and the space between them is filled with large amounts of | matrix. |
| Within the matrix of connective tissue is a shapeless ___________________ containing molecules that expand when combined with electrolytes and water molecules. | ground substance |
| The matrix of connective tissue may be _______% ground substance. | 90 |
| The remainder of connective tissue is made up of mainly one or more of what three types of fibers? | (1) Collagenous, (2) Reticular, and (3) Elastic |
| Connective tissue may be manipulated by the application of: | (1) heat, (2) cold, (3) stretching, and (4) activity. |
| The __________________ property of connective tissue means that it will solidify when cold or left undisturbed and become more fluid when warmed. | thixotropic |
| If not stretched and warmed by muscular activity, connective tissue tends to: | stiffen and become less flexible |
| Although connective tissue is found in all areas of the body, some areas contain ___________ than others. | more |
| The brain has little connective tissue, whereas (1)__________, (2)_____________, and (3) ___________ have a high concentration. | (1) ligaments, (2) tendons, and (3) skin have a high concentration |
| The number of ______________ in connective tissue varies, with cartilage having none. | blood vessels |
| Connective tissue contains cells that help with (1) _________, (2) ___________, and (3) ______________ as well as other cells that help with (4) _________________. | (1) repair, (2) healing, and (3) storage, (4) defense |
| Tough strong fibers that have minimal stretch capability? | collagenous fibers |
| Connective tissue fibers that have a high degree of tensile strength, which allows them to withstand longitudinal stress? | collagenous fibers |
| Connective tissue that makes up more than one quarter of the protein in the body is: | Collagenous Fibers |
| Which connective tissue changes as we age? | (1) Collagenous Fibers and (2) Elastic Fibers |
| This connective tissue fiber is delicate fiber found in networks that support capillaries and nerve fibers. | Reticular Fibers |
| This connective tissue is extensible and elastic. | Elastic Fibers |
| This connective fiber is found in stretchy tissues. | Elastic Fibers |
| How does therapeutic massage benefit connective tissue? | (1) Affect the consistency of the ground substance and directional pattern of the fiber configuration and networks, (2) Manipulating connective tissue softens ground substance and increases water-binding capacity which makes the tissue more pliable. |
| What is the result of adhesions that form in the connective tissue as part of the inflammation process and how does massage manipulation benefit adhesion formation? | Nerves and blood vessels may get caught in adhesions; the result is reduced range of motion and pain. It helps to slow the formation of adhesions and also helps the alignment of the collagen fibers, reducing friction and allowing more optimal movement. |
| What type of connective tissue is found in ligaments and tendons? | Dense Regular Connective Tissue |
| Which type is found concentrated in the dermis, joint capsules and surrounding muscles, and in some organs? | Dense Irregular Connective Tissue |
| Which type of connective tissue is mainly the packing material between glands, muscles, and nerves, attaches skin to the underlying tissues? | Loose (areolar) Connective Tissue |
| There are _________ main categories of synovial joints. | three |
| Categories are based on the number of ___________ in which the motion occurs. | planes |
| The three main categories of synovial joints are: | (1) uniaxial, (2) biaxial, (3) and multiaxial (triaxial) |
| Synovial joint category that allows movement in only one plane around a single axis. | uniaxial |
| The uniaxial synovial joint that allows flexion and extension. | Hinge joint |
| Two examples of a hinge joint are: | (1) elbow and (2) interphalangeal |
| The uniaxial synovial joint that allows rotation around the length of the bone where one component is shaped like a ring and the other component rotates within the ring | Pivot joint |
| Two examples of Pivot Joints are: | (1) between C1 and C2 vertebrae (atlantooccipital) and (2) the proximal ends of the radius and ulna (radioulnar) |
| The synovial joint category that allows movement in two planes around two axes | biaxial |
| Condyloid joints are also called: | ellipsoid joints |
| This biaxial synovial joint allows movement in two planes but one motion dominates. | Condyloid joint |
| Examples of a Cpndyloid Joint include: | (1) TMJ, (2) wrist, (3) metacarpophalangeal, (4) metatarsalphalangeal, (5) knee, and (6) Atlantooccipital joints. |
| This type of biaxial synovial fits together like a rider on a saddle. | Saddle joint |
| The main example of a saddle joint in the human body is the: | thumb. |
| Which type of connective tissue stores and releases fat to act as a source of fuel and insulation? | Adipose Tissue |
| Synovial joint category that allows bony components to move freely in three planes around the axes. | multi-axial or triaxial |
| This triaxial synovial joint allows movement in many directions around a central point. | Ball-and-Socket joint |
| Two examples of a Ball-and-Socket joint are: | (1) hip and (2) shoulder. |
| This triaxial synovial joint allows movement by permitting gliding in all of the various planes. | Synovial gliding joint. |
| Examples of synovial gliding joints include: | (1) superior tibiofibular joint, (2) acromioclavicular joint, (3) costovertebral joints, (4) zygophygeal joints. |
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