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KINE 1035 Ch. 1
Terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Motor Development | The continuous, age-related process of change in movement as well as the interacting constraints |
| Motor Learning | The relatively permanent gains in motor skill capability associated with practice or experience |
| Motor Control | The study of the neural, physical, and behavioral aspects of movement |
| Physical Growth | An increase in size or body mass resulting from an increase in complete, already formed body parts |
| Physiological Maturation | A qualitative advance in biological makeup that may refer to cell, organ, or system advancement in biochemical composition rather than to size alone |
| Aging | The process, occurring with the passage of time, that leads to loss of adaptability or full function and eventually to death |
| Newell's Constraints Model | A framework emphasizing that movements arise from the interactions of the individual, the environment in which movement occurs, and the task to be undertaken |
| Constraint | A characteristic of the individual, environment, or task that encourages some movements while discouraging others |
| Individual Constraints | A person’s unique physical and mental characteristics |
| Structural Constraints | Individual constraints related to the body’s structure (e.g. height, weight, muscle mass) |
| Functional Constraints | Individual constraints related to behavioral function (e.g. motivation, experiences, attentional focus) |
| Environmental Constraints | Constraints related to the world around us (e.g. surfaces, temperature, humidity, available light) location) |
| Task Constraints | Constraints including the goals and rule structure of a movement or activity |
| Skill Acquisition | Acquisition of a set of processes associated with practice or experience leading to relatively permanent changes in the capacity for movement |
| Learning-Performance Distinction | The finding that performance measures during acquisition may mask the true degree of learning that has occurred |
| Longitudinal Research Study | A study in which the same individual or group is observed performing the same tasks or behaviors on numerous occasions over a long time |
| Cross-sectional Research Study | A study in which developmental change is inferred by observing individuals or groups of varying ages at one point in time |
| Cohort | A group whose members share a common characteristic, such as age or experience |
| Mixed-longitudinal, or Sequential Research Study | A study in which several age groups are observed at one time or over a shorter time span, permitting observation of an age span that is longer than the observation period |
Created by:
RLD
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