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AP Psy Unit 4 Sensa.
sensation perception unit
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Sensation | The process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system receive and represent stimulus energies from our environment |
| Perception | The process of organizing and interpreting sensory information, enabling us to recognize meaningful objects and events |
| Bottom-up processing | Analysis that begins with the sensory receptors and works up to the brain’s integration of sensory information |
| Top-down processing | Information processing guided by higher-level mental processes, as when we construct perceptions drawing on our experience and expectations |
| Selective Attention | The focusing of conscious awareness on a particular stimulus. |
| Inattentional Blindness | Failing to see visible objects when our attention is directed elsewhere |
| Change Blindness | Failing to notice changes in the environment |
| Psychophysics | The study of relationships between the physical characteristics of stimuli, such as their intensity, and our psychological experience of them. |
| Absolute Threshold | The minimum stimulation needed to detect a particular stimulus 50 percent of the time |
| Signal Detection Theory | predicts how /when we detect the presence of a faint stimulus (signal) amid background stimulation (noise). Assumes there is no single absolute threshold and that detection depends partly on a person’s experience, expectations, motivation, and alertness |
| Subliminal | Below one’s absolute threshold for conscious awareness. |
| Priming | The activation, often unconsciously, of certain associations, thus predisposing one’s perception, memory, or response |
| Difference Threshold | The minimum difference between two stimuli required for detection 50 percent of the time. We experience, the difference threshold as a just noticeable difference. |
| Weber’s Law | The principle that, to be perceived as different, two stimuli must differ by a constant percentage. |
| Sensory Adaptation | Diminished sensitivity as a consequence of constant stimulation |
| Transduction | Conversion of one from of energy into another. In sensation, the transforming of stimulus energies, such as sights, sounds, and smells, into neural impulses our brains can interpret. |
Created by:
A. Shearer
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