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Unit 3

Classical Civilizations [Part 1]

TermDefinition
polytheism the belief in more than one god
caste a social class in Hinduism determined by how one lived in a previous life; a person cannot change the caste they are born into during their lifetime
caste system a rigid social class system in Hinduism based on the concept of reincarnation
Bhagavad Gita a Hindu holy book that explains Hindu beliefs through stories
Rig Veda a Hindu holy book filled with hymns and ritualistic speech
reincarnation the rebirth of the soul after death; Hindus and Buddhists believe in reincarnation
Nirvana, enlightenment, moksha the state of release from reincarnation that according to Hindus can be reached by fulfilling one’s dharma in each life and moving up the caste system, but according to Buddhists can be achieved by following the Eightfold Path
Karma the sum of a person’s actions in this and previous lives
Dharma one’s duty according to their caste (social class)
Siddhartha Gautama founder of Buddhism, also known as the Buddha, or “Enlightened One”
Eightfold Path the code of moral behavior followed by Buddhists
Four Noble Truths Buddhist belief that (1) Life is suffering, (2) desire is the cause of suffering, (3) the way to stop suffering is to stop desire, (4) one can stop desire by following the Eightfold Path
The Silk Roads a network of overland and sea routes connecting East Asia with the Middle East, North Africa, and Europe.
Golden Age periods of great wealth, prosperity, stability, and cultural and scientific achievement
Gupta Dynasty an Indian dynasty that ruled from 320 CE to 550 CE; this period is known as a golden age of Indian civilization because of the achievements in math, science, and art
Created by: vvanwagoner
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