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APWH/STEARNS C. 14

CHAPTER 14 MONGOLS

QuestionAnswer
Chinggis Khan Born in 1170s in decades following death of Kabul Khan; elected khagan of all Mongol tribes in 1206; responsible for conquest of northern kingdoms of China, territories as far west as the Abbasid regions; died in 1227, prior to conquest of most of Islamic
tumens Basic fighting units of the Mongol forces; consisted of 10,000 cavalrymen; each unit was further divided into units of 1000, 100, and 10.
Tangut Rulers of Xi-Xia kingdom of northwest China; one of regional kingdoms during period of southern Song; conquered by Mongols in 1226.
Muhammad Shah II Turkic ruler of Muslim Khwarazm kingdom; attempted to resist Mongol conquest; conquered in 1220.
Karakorum Capital of the Mongol Empire under Chinggis Khan.
shamanistic religion Mongol belief system based on the nature of spirits.
Batu Ruler of Golden Horde; one of Chinggis Khan's grandsons; responsible for invasion of Russia beginning in 1236.
Ogedei Third son of Chinggis Khan; succeeded Chinggis Khan as khagan of the Mongols following his father's death.
Golden Horde One of the four regional subdivisions of the Mongol Empire after Chinggis Khan's death; territory covered much of what is today south central Russia.
Metropolitan Head of the Russian Orthodox church; located at Moscow.
Prester John Name given to a mythical Christian monarch whose kingdom had supposedly been cut off from Europe by the Muslim conquests; Chinggis Khan was originally believed to be this mythical ruler.
Ilkhan Empire One of four regional khanates, or subdivisions of the Mongol Empire after Chinggis Khan's death; located south of the Golden Horde; eventually conquered much of territory of Abbasid Empire.
Hulegu Ruler of the Ilkhan khanate; grandson of Chinggis Khan; responsible for capture and destruction of Baghdad.
Mameluks Muslim slave warriors; established a dynasty in Egypt; defeated the Mongols at Ain Jalut in 1260 and halted Mongol advance.
Kubilai Khan Grandson of Chinggis Khan; commander of the Mongol forces responsible for the conquest of China; became khagan in 1260; established Sinicized Mongol Yuan dynasty in China in 1271.
Tatu Mongol capital of Yuan dynasty; present-day Beijing.
Chabi Influential wife of Kubilai Khan; promoted interests of Buddhists in China; indicative of refusal of Mongol women to adopt restrictive social conventions of Chinese.
Nestorians A Christian sect found in Asia; tended to support Islamic invasions of this area in preference to Byzantine rule; cut off from Europe by Muslim invasions.
The Romance of the West Chamber Chinese dramatic work written during the Yuan period; indicative of the continued literary vitality of China during Mongol rule.
White Lotus Society Secret religious society dedicated to overthrow of Yuan dynasty in China; typical of peasant resistance to Mongol rule.
Ju Yuanzhang Chinese peasant who led successful revolt against Yuan; founded Ming dynasty.
Timur-i Lang Leader of Turkic nomads; beginning in 1360s from base at Samarkand, launched series of attacks in Persia, the Fertile Crescent, India, and southern Russia; empire disintegrated after his death in 1405.
Created by: mcdougcf
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