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Psychology 14
Chapter 14
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Therapy | Techniques that are used to help people with physiological or interpersonal problems. |
| Psychotherapy | The use of psychological principles and techniques to treat mental health disorders. |
| Biomedical therapy | The use of medications or other medical interventions to treat mental health disorders. |
| Psychoanalysis | A method of therapy formulated by Freud that focuses on uncovering unconscious conflicts that drive maladaptive behavior. |
| Free association | A technique in psychoanalysis in which the therapist examines the hidden symbols in a client's dreams. |
| Dream analysis | A technique in psychoanalysis in which the therapist examines the hidden symbols in a client's dreams. |
| Interpretation | The psychoanalyst's view on the themes and issues that may be influencing the client's behavior. |
| Resistance | A process in psychoanalysis whereby the client behaves in such a way as to deny or avoid sensitive issues. |
| Transference | A process in psychoanalysis in which the client unconsciously reacts to the therapist as if the therapist were a parent, friend, sibling, or lover. |
| Psychodynamic therapy | Modern psychoanalysis delivered in a shorter time that focuses less on the client's past and more on current problems and the nature of interpersonal relationships. |
| Client-centered therapy | A humanistic approach formulated by Carl Rogers that emphasizes the use of empathy, genuineness, and unconditional positive regard to help the client reach his or her potential. |
| Empathy | The ability of therapist to understand a client's feelings and thoughts without being judgmental. |
| Genuineness | The ability of a therapist to openly share his or her thoughts and feelings with client. |
| Unconditional positive regard | The ability to accept and value a person for who he or she is, regardless of his or her faults or problems. |
| Behavior therapy | Therapy that applies the principles of classical and operant conditioning to help people change maladaptive behaviors. |
| Systematic desensitization | A behavior therapy technique in which a client' is desensitized to a fear in a gradual, step-by-step process. |
| Anxiety hierarchy | Outlines, according to the degree of fear, the threatening imagines elicited by a feared object or situation; the outline starts with the least frightening imagines and progresses to the most distressing. |
| Aversion therapy | A type of therapy that uses classical conditioning to condition people to avoid certain stimuli. |
| Covert sensitization therapy | A milder form of aversion therapy in which graphic imagery is used to create unpleasant association with specific stimuli. |
| Token economy | A behavioral therapy technique in which people are rewarded with tokens for desired behavior; the tokens can them be exchanged for what is reinforcing to the individuals. |
| Rational-emotive therapy | A cognitive therapy approach created by Albert Ellis that focuses on changing the irrational beliefs that people hold that are believed to impede healthy psychological functioning. |
| Cognitive therapy | A therapy created by Aaron Beck that focuses on uncovering negative automatic thought patterns that impede healthy psychological functioning. |
| Cognitive distortions | Distorted thinking patterns, such as overgeneralization or all-or-nothing thinking, that according to Aaron Beck lead to depression, anxiety, and low self-esteem. |
| Group therapy | Therapy that is administered to more than one person at a time. |
| Family therapy | Therapy that focuses on creating balance and restoring harmony to improve the functioning of the family as a whole system. |
| Couple therapy | Therapy that focuses on improving communication and intimacy between two people in a committed relationship. |
| Self-help group | Group comprised of people who share the same problem and meet to help on another. |
| Eclectic therapy approach | Therapy that incorporates an integrated and diverse use of therapeutic methods. |
| Therapeutic alliance | The interactive and collaborative relationship between the client and the therapist. |
| Psychopharmacology | The use of medications to treat mental health problems. |
| Antianxiety medications | Minor tranquilizers such as Valium that are prescribed to reduce tension and anxiety. |
| Antipsychotic medications | Major tranquilizers such as Haldol that are prescribed to relieve psychotic symptoms such as delusions and hallucinations. |
| Tardive dyskinesia | A possible long-term side effect of antipsychotic medications involving involuntary motor movements of the mouth, tongue, and face. |
| Antidepressants | Medications prescribed to alleviate the symptoms of depression, eating disorders, and some anxiety disorders. |
| Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor (SSRI) | A type of antidepressant drug that inhibits the reuptake of the neurotransmitter serotonin, thereby improving mood. |
| Antimanic medications | Drugs that are prescribed to alleviate manic symptoms of bipolar disorder. |
| Lithium | A naturally occurring mineral salt prescribed to control manic symptoms in people with bipolar disorder; it influences several neurotransmitters in the brain, including glutamate, serotonin, and dopamine. |
| Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) | A series of treatments in which electrical current is passed through the brain, causing a seizure, used to alleviate severe depression. |
| Psychosurgery | A biomedical treatment approach involving neurosurgery to alleviate symptoms in someone with a mental health disorder. |
Created by:
cpruett8
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