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UNIT 1

U.S. History -Standards 1-3

TermDefinition
Mercantilism An economic theory that the earth held a limited supply of wealth. Britian used the colonies to gain wealth.
Navigation Acts A way for Britain to tax and control everything in the American colonies.
Triangular Trade/Trans-Atlantic Trade Trade routes that the British took manufactured goods and human cargo to the American colonies. England --> West Africa --> Colonies
Indentured Servant free people who sign a contract to work for a set number of years to pay for their passage on a ship to the American colonies
Middle Passage the sea journey undertaken by slave ships from West Africa to the West Indies. -part of the triangular trade
cash crop a crop produced for its commercial (money) use not for food. Example: Tobacco, cotton, indigo, and sugar cane
Jamestown 1st permanent English settlement in the American Colonies
Virginia Company a joint-stock company established in 1606 to set up a colony for profit in the Americas
Maryland Toleration Act a law mandating religious tolerance for different Christian Religions.
Puritans a religious group that wanted to "purify" the Church of England: Massachusetts Bay Colony
Pilgrims a religious group that wanted to separate from the Church of England: Plymouth Colony
Mayflower Compact Document signed aboard the Mayflower. It was the 1st self-governing document in the Colonies
King Phillip's War Bloody conflict between Native Americans led by Metacom and Puritans. Marks end of native resistance n New England
William Penn Founder of Pennsylvania. It was a safe haven for Quakers
New Netherlands/New Amsterdam Dutch colony: it was a money-making venture. Taken over by the British and later renamed New York.
self-government where the colonies created their own governments instead of following England's
Salutary Neglect when Britain allows the Colonies to self-govern themselves with little to no enforcement of British laws as long as they gain wealth.
House of Burgesses the 1st legislative style government in the Colonies: Virginia
Bacon's Rebellion Nathaniel Bacon led a rebellion to overthrow the Virginian government; Bacon wanted land Native American land; shift to slavery
Great Awakening a religious revival that challenged established authorities and called for independence from England
French and Indian War War fought in the American Colonies where the British expanded into French owned Ohio River Valley.
1763 Treaty of Paris treaty that ended the French and Indian War, giving Britain all land east of the Mississippi River and Canada.
Proclamation of 1763 imaginary line that expanded the Appalachian Mountain chain that was a no pass zone; angered colonist
Stamp Act British tax on any printed item that affected everyone in the colonies. No Taxation without Representation
Intolerable Acts in response to the Boston Tea Party. It closed Boston harbor, placed the colony under direct rule, put soldiers into homes (quartering act), and sent British officials to England for trial.
Sons of Liberty created to counteract British taxes -- male based-peaceful but destructive. ex. Boston Tea Party.
Daughters of Liberty created to counteract British taxes-- female based-peaceful boycotts.
Committee of Correspondence written letters between colonies, informing everyone of what was going on in each colony. It was the first united effort against the British.
Tea Act tax on tea making British tea cheaper.
Boston Tea Party Sons of Liberty ran protest against the Tea Act: lead to the Intolerable Acts
Townshend Acts a series of taxes that taxed goods imported to the American Colonies (Daughters of Liberty protest)- ex. glass, lead, paint, paper, and tea
Common Sense a pamphlet by Thomas Paine that gave a clear, and logical explanation colonist should want independence
Created by: sdevans
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