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UE Ortho
Shoulder Biomechanics A
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the joints of the shoulder?(4 from articulate) | Scapulothoracic, SC, AC, Glenohumeral |
| The combination of scapular, clavicular, and humeral motions that occur when the arm is raised in flexion, abduction, or any of the planes in between is called what? | Elevation |
| What are the primary motions of the scapula? | elevation/depresison, add/abduction, up/downward rotation |
| What are the secondary motions of the scapula? | tipping and winging |
| What motion results in the inferior angle of the scapula moving posteriorly and the superior border moving anteriorly? | tipping |
| What motion results in the posterior displacement of the vertebral border of the scapula? | winging |
| What are the functions of the scapula?(3) | 1. orient the glenoid fossa, 2. increase ROM of arm, 3. stable base for humeral head |
| What kind of joint is the SC joint? | synovial joint |
| How many degrees of freedom does the SC joint have? | 3(elevation/depression, pro/retraction, rotation) |
| In the superior/inferior direction the clavicle is _______, in the anterior/posterior direction the clavicle is ________. | convex, concave |
| During clavicular elevation, what is the direction of the roll and glide? | roll=upward, glide=downward |
| During clavicular depression, what is the direction of the roll and glide? | roll=downward, glide=upward |
| During clavicular protraction, what is the direction of the roll and glide? | roll=anterior, glide=anterior |
| During clavicular retraction, what is the direction of the roll and glide? | roll=posterior, glide=posterior |
| What are the ligaments of the SC joint? | anterior/posterior SC ligs, interclavicular lig, costoclavicular lig. |
| What is the function of the anterior/posterior SC ligs? | they check A/P motion of clavicle |
| What is the function of the interclavicular lig? | to check inferior glide of clavicle, protecting brachial plexus and subclavian artery(they travel between the clavicle and 1st rib) |
| What is the function of the costclavicular lig? | to check superior glide |
| Is the costoclavicular lig strong or weak? | very strong |
| What are the functions of the SC disk? | it provides a pivot point, absorbs forces, increases congruence |
| The clavicle only rotates ______ from its resting position. | posteriorly |
| What is the open-packed position of the SC joint? | arm at side |
| What is the closed-packed position of the SC joint? | full elevation |
| A capsular pattern of the SC joint would result in a limitation in what motion? | full elevation |
| What kind of joint is the AC joint? | plane synovial |
| Is the acromion concave or convex at the AC joint? | concave |
| Is the clavicle concave or convex at the AC joint? | convex |
| How many degrees of freedom does the AC joint have and what are they? | 3, winging, tiping, rotation |
| What is the function of the AC joint? | to maintain the relationship between the clavicle and scapula in early elevation, and to allow scapular rotation on the thorax in late elevation. |
| Is there a lot of motion available at the AC joint? | no, small amount |
| Does the AC joint have a strong capsule? | no |
| What two ligaments make up the capsule for the AC joint? | superior/inferior AC ligs |
| What are the ligaments of the AC joint? | superior/inferior AC ligs, and the coracoclavicular ligs(conoid and trapezoid) |
| What strengthens the weak AC joint capsule? | superior and inferior AC ligs |
| Where is the AC joint the strongest? | superiorly(due to muscle attachments) |
| AC joint integrity is maintained primarily by what ligaments? | coracoclavicular ligaments |
| Are the coracoclavicular ligaments strong? | yes, extremely strong |
| What ligaments produce longitudinal rotation of the clavicle required for full elevation, and check upward rotation of the scapula? | coracoclavicular ligaments |
| What ligaments are typically ruptured with a shoulder separation? | coracoclavicular ligaments |
| What is the closed packed position for the AC joint? | arm at 90 degrees of abduction |
| A capsular pattern of the AC joint results in a limitation of what motion? | full elevation(same as SC joint) |
| What is the open packed position for the AC joint? | arm at side |
Created by:
txst fall 2009
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