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Lecture 6
Gingival Conditions and Adjuncts
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Periodontology | The clinical science that deals with the periodontium in health and disease; that branch of dentistry concerned with etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases of the supporting structures of the teeth |
| Periodontal ligament | Connective tissue fibers that connect the root of the tooth to the alveolus. It contains blood vessels, lymph vessels and nerves. |
| Periodontium | A collective term for the tissues that surround and support the teeth: gingiva, cementum, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone |
| alveolar bone | Bone that surrounds the teeth |
| gingiva | That portion of the masticatory mucosa which is attached to the teeth and alveolar process and surrounds the cervical area of the teeth |
| cementum | Calcified connective tissue that covers the anatomic root of a tooth. It provides attachment for the periodontal ligament |
| Periodontics | That aspect of clinical dentistry involved in the prevention and treatment of diseases of the periodontium |
| Oral mucosa Alveolar mucosa | Loosely attached tissue such as the tissue from the mucogingival junction to the vestibular epithelium |
| Periodontal Disease | Any abnormality or pathologic state involving the gingiva or supporting tissues of the teeth, commonly used to designate collectively the inflammatory and degenerative diseases of the periodontium |
| Purposes of periodontal charting | Establish baseline data, aid in diagnosis, aid in treatment planning, aid in implementation of treatment plan, evaluate success, and legal / forensic reasons |
| Terms for extent | localized = one or a few teeth generalized = throughout the sextant, arch or mouth |
| Terms for degree of distribution | Marginal = confined to the free or marginal tissue Papillary = involving the papilla Diffuse = attached and free gingiva are involved; usually localized |
| Normal color | uniformly pale pink or coral pink; melanin pigmentation |
| Abnormal color | pink to whitish pink = fibrotic response red = acute inflammation, heavy bleeding bluish red to purple = chronic inflammation, cyanosis, bleeding |
| Normal marginal contour | knife-like, adhere closely to the tooth, follows the contour of the CEJ |
| Normal papilla contour | pointed, triangular, fills embrasure space, diastema- flat and saddle shaped (this is normal) |
| Normal attached gingiva contour | adequate zone is 1-9mm, follows contour of underlying alveolar bone |
| Abnormal marginal contour | rounded > rolled (lifesaver) > McCalls festoon (exaggerated rolling effect) > clefting - Stillmans (slit like recession) |
| Abnormal papillary contour | enlarged > bulbous > blunted > cratered |
| Abnormal attached gingiva contour | mucogingival involvement = no attached gingiva |
| Normal papillary consistency (tone) | papillary firm and resilient when palpated with probe |
| Normal marginal consistency (tone) | marginal smooth, fits snugly to tooth, resists displacement with air |
| Normal attached gingiva consistency (tone) | attached gingiva firmly bound to underlying bone and stippled |
| Abnormal consistency edematous response | soft, spongy, puffy, friable, shiny, glossy, easily displaced with air |
| Abnormal consistency fibrotic response | firm, hard, leathery, nodular |
| SBI and PCR formula | number of areas of bleeding/plaque over the number of teeth times 4 = % |
| signs of inflammation | heat, redness, pain, swelling, loss of function |
| Time of reassessment | In school, the reassessment is done at the beginning of the last appointment in the series of patient appointments |
Created by:
schubring
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