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Ch 5 India & China

AP WH Classical Era

TermDefinition
Ashoka adopted Buddhism, built monasteries, supported missionaries, and forsook violence as a means of expansion
Civil Service Exams merit-based method by which the Han bureaucracy was staffed, based on knowledge of Confucian writings
Ascetic spiritualist who gave up material desires in search of knowledge and truth
Daoism spiritual movement in which followers renounce worldly ambitions in search of harmony with nature in form of Yin & Yang
Ganges River sacred to Hindus, where offerings are made to the various dieties and reports of having healing qualities
Yellow Turban Rebellion violent uprising driven by inequality in land distribution, marking the end of the Han Dynasty
Enlightenment the peaceful state of afterlife called nirvana that is achieved by fulfilling one's dharma in each reincarnation
Caste System societal hierarchy in Hindu culture based on job occupation; rigid mobility
White Huns nomadic groups from Central Asia that disrupted the stability of Empires from Rome to India in the 5th-6th centuries
Upanishads traditional Hindu texts that emphasized all of life connected to the universal soul or Brahma
Nirvana the goal of ending the cycle of rebirth; in Hinduism its achieved by completing one's dharma; in Buddhism, by following the 8-fold path
Varna the social classifications of the Aryans based initially on skin color, with lighter skinned above darker skinned natives
Shi Huangdi unified China following the Warring States period using a rigid blend of Legalism and harsh rule to expand the empire
Dharma the duty of a Hindu based on the Caste they were born into; obedience was expected without regard to morality or outcomes
Arabic Numerals Indian numeric script adopted by later Muslim scholars and transferred to the West
Untouchables the lowest class of Hindu society who performed the filthy jobs and were shunned by all other castes
Xiongnu nomadic invaders whose presence threatened successive Chinese Dynasties, leading to the construction of the Great Wall
Jainism branch of Hinduism that stressed the respect for nature and non-violence
Confucianism guiding philosophy of the Han & successive Dynasties, focusing on the practical rather than spiritual aspects of daily life, primarily the importance of respecting family, elders, ancestors, and rulers to achieve social harmony
Silk Roads interconnected regional networks that spread across Eurasia as empires expanded, transporting goods, tech., belief systems, and diseases
Created by: wm0397
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