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8th Science Energy
8th Grade Science Energy Study Guide
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| When a moving bat hits a ball, what happens to the kinetic energy of the bat? | Most of it is transferred to the ball. |
| Energy is converted from kinetic energy to potential energy when you _______. | climb a mountain |
| Which form of energy travels in waves through empty space? | Electromagnetic energy. |
| Which energy conversion occurs in a battery? | Chemical Energy --to -- electrical energy |
| Energy stored in he nucleus of an atom is called______. | nuclear energy |
| This is NOT a fossil fuel. | Biomass |
| Geothermal energy___________. | comes from heat below the Earths surface. |
| When heat is transferred between objects of different temperatures, what is the end result? | Both objects have the same temperature. |
| Why does the sand on a beach get so much warmer than the water on a sunny day? | The water has greater specific heat. |
| What happens to water when you heat it? | 1. The particles of the water gain kinetic energy 2. The thermal energy of the water increases 3. The temperature of the water rises |
| Conduction is usually slowest in ________. | gases |
| This is a thermal insulator. | Plastic |
| What substance can thermal energy be transferred by convection? | Air |
| Matter is not needed for the transfer of thermal energy by ___. | radiation |
| What happens to hot water as it moves through a home's hot-water heating system? | It transfers thermal energy to the rooms of the house and the water cools down and returns to the boiler. |
| In a warm-air heating system, cold air in each room ____________. | enters an intake vent near the ceiling |
| In a functioning combustion engine engine, the piston has _______. | kinetic energy |
| T or F The purpose of a radiator in a heating system is to produce thermal energy. | False |
| T or F Warm air moves through the ducts of heating system because of gravity. | False |
| T or F Thermal energy naturally moves from a warmer area to a cooler area. | True |
| T or F Thermal energy is always transferred from cooler to warmer objects. | False |
| T or F Land and sea breezes are examples of convection currents. | True |
| T or F Heat is always transferred from a larger object to a smaller object. | False |
| T or F Differences in the specific heat of land and water affect climate. | True |
| T or F Most of the electricity in the U.S. is generated by burning petroleum. | False |
| T or F The use of fossil fuels is a major cause of global warming. | True |
| T or F Nuclear energy is a renewable energy resource. | False |
| T or F The energy stored in food is chemical energy. | True |
| T or F When you plug in a lamp, electromagnetic energy is converted to light. | False |
| A heavier object has less gravitational potential energy than a lighter object at the same height. | False |
| Compressing a spring gives it potential energy. | True |
| ________ can be defined as the ability to do work | Energy |
| The process in which energy changes form is called energy ________. | conversion |
| _______ energy is the total kinetic energy of all the atoms in an object. | Thermal |
| Energy that travels in waves through matter from a vibrating object is ___________. | Sound energy |
| Natural resources that are limited in supply and cannot be replaced except over millions of years are called ___________. | nonrenewable resources |
| _____________ means saving resources by using them more efficiently or not using them at all. | Conservation |
| The average kinetic energy of the particles of an object is the object's __________. | temperature |
| The thermal energy of an object depends on its temperature and its _______. | mass |
| A _____________ is a device that controls a heating system. | thermostat |
| The substance that transfers thermal energy in a cooling system is called a ____________. | refrigerant |
| Compare and Contrast hot-water and warm-air heating systems. | 1. Both can warm a house 2. Hot-water warms water in a boiler and moves it throughout a house with pipes where a warm-air system uses a furnace to warm air and send it through the house in ducts then it circulates with convection currents |
| Compare and contrast conduction and convection. | 1. Both are ways energy moves 2. In Conduction the energy can only be passed when the particles are touching. Convection works with the flow of a fluid, warmer less dense rises while cooler more dense sinks. |
| Outline the problems caused by the use of fossil fuels for energy. | Burning fossil fuels releases pollutants into the atmosphere, some are solids that we can breath in, causing breathing problems. It can cause acid rain and it can cause global warming. |
| Identify at least three forms of energy involved when a musician plays an electric keyboard. | Electricity, thermal, chemical (only if batteries are used) and sound. |
| Describe how energy changes on a trampoline. | As you bounce upward kinetic is changing into potential, when you reach the top height and begin to fall the potential begins to change back to kinetic until you hit the surface which slows then stops you and sends you back up to gain potential again. |
Created by:
cromine
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