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Biochemistry for Mx
NCETMB Review
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Matter | Anything that occupies space and has mass |
Molecule | Particles of matter made up of one or more atoms |
Atoms | A unit of energy made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons |
Proton | A particle with a positive charge; in the nucleus |
Neutron | A particle with a neutral charge; in the nucleus |
Electron | A particle with a negative charge; orbits the nucleus |
Element | A substance composed of a single type of atom |
Compound | A substance composed of different types of atoms |
Ionic Bond | Electron donating between atoms to fill or empty shells |
Covalent Bond | Electron sharing between atoms |
Covalent Bond | Most stable bond |
Polar Covalent Bond | Electrically neutral; positive side of a molecule attracts negative side of another molecule |
Organic Compounds | Contain hydrogen and carbon atoms |
Inorganic Compounds | Do NOT contain hydrogen or carbon atoms |
Hydrolysis | Bond breaking of large molecules via water into smaller molecules (catabolism) |
Dehydration Synthesis | Water is removed from reactants |
Energy | The capacity to work |
Potential Energy | Energy due to position |
Kinetic Energy | Energy due to the motion of an object |
Metabolism | The physiological process of converting food and air into energy |
Anabolism | Chemical reactions causing the formatin of complex compounds from simple molecules |
Catabolism | Chemical reactions causing complex compounds to break down and release energy |
Enzymes | Proteins that catalyze or speed up chemical reactions without being consumed or altered in the process |
pH | A measure of hydrogen ion concentration in a sample |
Neutral pH | 7 |
Acidic pH | below 7; MORE hydrogen ions |
Alkaline pH | above 7; LESS hydrogen ions |