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CNS - Cerebellum
CNS 2nd lecture exam - Cerebellum
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Cerebellum intergrate very rapidly information on what ? (3) | 1. Momentary status of muscle contraction 2. Joint tension 3. Visual and auditory input on equilibrium |
| Cerebellum makes our movements ___? | Smooth and effective (influences muscle tone and posture) |
| Right cerebellar hemisphere deals with which side of the body? | Right |
| ___ is one of the cerebellum's greates attributes? | Compensation |
| The cerebellum is attache to the MO via the ___. To the pons via the ___ and the midbrain via the ____ | 1. Inferior cerebellar peduncle - restiform body 2. Middle cerebellar peduncle 3. Superior cerebellar peduncle |
| Most common brain tumor in a child is a ___? Where does it occur? | 1. Medulloblastoma 2. Superior medullary velum |
| External subdivisions of the cerbellum? | Median = vermis Lateral = Hemispheres |
| Inferior cerebellar peduncle: __ dominate and __ are present | Afferent dominate and efferent are present |
| Middle cerebellar peduncle: ___ fibers only! | Afferent |
| Superior cerebellar peduncle: __ dominate and ___ are present | Efferent fibers dominate and afferent fibers are present |
| What is the white mater of the cerebellum called? | Corpus meduallare |
| White matter of cerebellum is continuous with what? | The 6 cerebellar peduncles |
| Extension of white matter toward the periphery appear as a branching tree called the what? | Arbor Vitae |
| The anterior of Paleocerebellar lobe receives its input from which 2 tracts? | Spinocerebellar and cuneocerebellar |
| The function of the paleocerebellar lobe? | General muscle tone |
| The posterior or neocerebellar layer gets its input from where and what is its function? | 1.Corticopontocerebellar 2. Coordination of skilled movement |
| The flocculonodular lobe receives input from where and its function? | 1. Vestibular nucleus 2. Equilibrium |
| Isolated in the white matter are 4 pairs of nuclei called the what? | Central cerebellar nuclei |
| Types of neurons in the cerebellum? | Perkinje, golgi II, Stellate, Basket, Grannular |
| Two axons that bring input to the cerebellum? | Mossy and climbing fibers |
| How might the cerebellum deal with restoring muscle tone of the left thigh? | 1. Anterior spinocerebellar tract will take input to the inferior and-or superior cerebellar peduncles. 2. From there, fibers will travel to the anterior lobe. 3. From there, fibers will go down to the globose and fastigial nucleus. |
| What fibers take messages away from the cerebellum? (efferent) | Purkinje fibers |
| Most purkinje axons terminate in the ___. But a few bypass to ___. What neurotransmitter do they release? | 1. Deep central cerebellar nuclei 2. Deiter's portion of the vestibular nuclei 3. GABA |
| Grannular cells are stimulates by incomming what? | Mossy fibers |
| Grannular cells are stimulated by what? | Glutamate |
| Mossy fibers originate where? | Spinocerebellar and corticopontocerebellar tracts |
| Information leaves the cerebellar cortex via ___? Their inhibitory target is the what? | 1. Perkinje cells 2. Deep cerebellar nuclei |
| Grannular cells are excitatory to what? Neurotransmitter? | 1. Perkinje cells 2. Glutamate |
| Where do climbing fibers originate? Neurotransmitter? | 1. Inferior olivary nucleus 2. Aspartate |
| Purkinje cell layer is composed of haw many cell bodies? | 30 million |
| Are pukinje cells excititory or inhibitory? | Inhibitory |
| What is the most abundant neurotransmitter in the brain? | Glutamate! |
| How many grannular cells are there? | 3-7 million per mm3 |
| Mossy fibers stimulate what? Excitory or inhibitory? | 1. Grannular cells 2. Excititory |
| Which are more numorus: mossy or climbing fibers? | Mossy |
| Grannular cells synapse with what? They are ___ and release what? | 1. Purkinje 2. Excititory 3. Glutamate |
| Purkinje are stimulated by 2 excititory cells? | Mossy and climbing fibers |
| Input from climbing and mossy fibers is intergrates through which cells? | Perkinje, stelate, basket, golgi II, grannular |
| Mossy fibers are excitatory to what? | Grannular cells |
| Purkinje cells go where? Excitatory or inhibitory? Neurotransmitter? | 1. Deep nuclei 2. Inhibitory 3. GABA |
| Climbing fibers go where? Excitatory or inhibitory? Neurotransmitter? | 1. Purkinje cells 2. Extremly excitatory 3. Aspartate |
| Largest and most lateral nuclei? | Dentate |
| The anterior lobe of cerebellum synapses with which 2 deep nuclei? | Globose and fastigial |
| The posterior lobe synapses with what deep nuclei? | Eboliform and dentate |
| What does the flocculonodual lobe synapse with? | Fastigial nuclei |
| Efferent cerebella outflow: Where does the fastigial nucleus terminate? Via what? | Vestibular nuclei and CN 3, 4 and 6 via the inferiror cebrebellar peduncle |
| Cerebellar outflow: where do globose axons terminate? Via what? | Red nucleus and reticular formation via the superior cerebellar peduncle |
| Cerebellar efferent outflow: Where do the dentate and eboliform axons terminate? | Red nucleus and thalamus via the superior cerebellar peduncle |
| Is the cerebellar functionally ipsi or bilateral? | Ipsilateral |
| Equilibrium disturbances where patient fights from falling backwards AKA what? This is due to a lesion in this lobe. | Flocculonodular syndrome due to a lesion in the flocculonodular lobe |
| Ataxia is what and results from a lesion in what lobe? | Lack of order of coordination due to a lesion in the neocerebellum |
| Intension tremors are common in what lobe? | Neocerebellar |
| What is dysmetria? | When you over or undershoot your target |
| Repetative jerking movements of the eyeballs is called what? This is due to a ___ impairement. | 1. Nystagmus 2. Flocculus-Fastigial impairment |
| Nystagmus is related to which cranial nerves? | 3,4,6 |
Created by:
LrB
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